Role of the Adrenal in PMS-Induced Ovulation Before Puberty: Effect of Adrenalectomy1

Ramaley, Judith A.

doi:10.1210/endo-92-3-881

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…However, the CRF rhythm in the female rat showed marked changes at ages of five to six weeks during which the onset of puberty intervened. As observed by Ramaley (1973), a rise in the resting level of corticosterone in the afternoon, which is characteristic of adult female rats, was noted concomitantly. These results indicate that sex difference in the CRF rhythm is not essentially related to the process of sex differentiation in the central nervous system which takes place peri-natally, but rather related to changes in the secretory pattern of the ovary at the onset of puberty (Parker 8c Mahesh 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…It has been claimed that the adrenal cortex acts as a "timer" in the initiation of the ovulatory cycle (Ramaley 1974). The well-known phenomenon of induction of precocious puberty by means of pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin is inhibited by adrenalectomy (Ramaley 1973) or the administration of dexamethasone given intrahypothalamically or systemically during this period (Hagino et al 1969). Hence it is very likely that adrenal corticosteroids interact with the gonadal function at the hypo¬ thalamic level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pubertal Manifestation of Sex Difference in Circadian Rhythm of Corticotrophin-Releasing Activity in the Rat Hypothalamus

Honma

Hiroshige

1977

Acta Endocrinologica

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Post-natal development of the circadian rhythm of hypothalamic content of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) was examined in male and female rats, separately. CRF activity was estimated by the intrapituitary injection technique. The circadian rhythm of the CRF content observed at the third week was without any noticeable sex difference: both male and female rats began their circadian rhythm with higher values in the afternoon than in the morning. Male rats maintained this pattern up to maturity. In contrast, female rats showed a marked change at ages of fifth to sixth week: the CRF rhythm in female rats changed to a female pattern, with higher values in the morning than in the afternoon. During this period, the vaginal opening occurred concurrently with a marked afternoon rise in the plasma corticosterone, characteristic of mature female rats.On the other hand, no essential difference could be observed between male and female rats in the developmental change in the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity. These results indicate that a sex difference in the CRF rhythm is not essentially related to the process of sex differentiation in the central nervous system, but is rather related to changes in ovarian activity following the onset of puberty.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pubertal Manifestation of Sex Difference in Circadian Rhythm of Corticotrophin-Releasing Activity in the Rat Hypothalamus

Honma

Hiroshige

1977

Acta Endocrinologica

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“…This points to the adrenal cortex as source of hormonal material that may be directly involved in sexual maturation. Studies in which adrenalectomy, followed by reimplantation of the adrenal glands, was performed, provide proof that medullary degeneration does not influence sexual maturation (Gorski & Lawton, 1972, 1973.We will review here the main lines of available evidence on involvement of the adrenal glands in sexual maturation. Emphasis will be on the female rat which has been studied most extensively.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Sexual maturation and the adrenal glands

Meijs-Roelofs¹,

Moll²

1978

Reproduction

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It is a definite possibility that organs which are primarily elements of functional systems other than the reproductive system are involved in sexual maturation. The adrenal glands are attractive candidates for such a role in sexual maturation : they are capable of producing androgens, oestrogens and progesterone, not only in the adult, but also in the prepubertal animal. This points to the adrenal cortex as source of hormonal material that may be directly involved in sexual maturation. Studies in which adrenalectomy, followed by reimplantation of the adrenal glands, was performed, provide proof that medullary degeneration does not influence sexual maturation (Gorski & Lawton, 1972, 1973.We will review here the main lines of available evidence on involvement of the adrenal glands in sexual maturation. Emphasis will be on the female rat which has been studied most extensively. The following topics will be discussed. (1) Hormone production by the adrenal glands during sexual maturation. This background information seems important if a possible role of the adrenal glands in sexual maturation is considered. (2) Interactions that have been observed between adrenal gland function and the reproductive system in the prepubertal animal. Although existence of such inter¬ actions does not necessarily give (direct) proof of adrenal involvement in sexual maturation, it does perhaps indicate how the adrenal glands may contribute to sexual maturation. (3) Experimental alteration of adrenal function and sexual maturation : under this heading we will discuss the various parameters of sexual maturation that have been studied after experimental manipulation of adrenal function, in which the approach has been largely restricted to adrenalectomy. (4) Finally, we will discuss whether, when established, an influence of the adrenal glands on sexual maturation must be attributed to a specific interaction of the adrenal glands with the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian sys¬ tem or whether it is due to more general effects of adrenal function on bodily development. It is well-known that the stage of bodily development reached is a decisive factor in sexual maturation.

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“…The implications of the more rapid adaptation of 25 day old rats to the new light cycle deserve comment. It has been shown that manipulation of adrenal function prior to day 26 will influence the age of onset of puberty [Gorski and Lawton, 1973;G orski-F irlit and Lawton, 1974;R amaley, 1973b]; stress, adrenalectomy or corticoid therapy after 26 days of age has a much more minor effect on the time of vaginal opening and ovulation. This age difference in the nature of adrenal-gonadal interactions may be based on a change in operational properties of the adrenal axis at this time; we saw this as a difference in adaptation rate to a new light regimen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of an Acute Light Cycle Change on Adrenal Rhythmicity in Prepubertal Rats

Ja¹

1975

Neuroendocrinology

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24 and 28 day old rats, raised in a 14 h light: 10 h dark (14:10) cycle, showed a clear serum corticosterone (B) peak at the beginning of the dark period (18.00 h) with an amplitude of 25–30 µg%. Other B values during the 24 h period were lower (9–12 µg%). Rats raised in a 8.5:15.5 cycle had a B peak (after onset of the dark period, at 22.00 h). Rats raised in constant light (LL) showed no variation in B throughout the 24 h. Weanling rats raised in a 8.5 :15.5 cycle appeared to synchronize more rapidly to a 14:10 cycle than did rats raised in LL. When placed in LL at weaning, rats raised either in 14:10 or 8.5:15.5 had lost their periodicity by day 24. When rats raised in 8.5:15.5 were shifted to LL or 14:10 after weaning age (day 24), the pattern of response was different. One day after the shift, rats placed in a 14:10 cycle displayed a pattern of B synchronized to the normal 14:10 pattern for rats born and raised in that light cycle. This synchrony persisted for at least 3 days. Rats placed in 14:10 at 21 days of age did not show a fully synchronized pattern until day 28. It can be concluded that weanling rats exposed to a light-dark cycle adapt quickly to a new light cycle and that older prepubertal rats shift even more quickly.

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Role of the Adrenal in PMS-Induced Ovulation Before Puberty: Effect of Adrenalectomy1

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Pubertal Manifestation of Sex Difference in Circadian Rhythm of Corticotrophin-Releasing Activity in the Rat Hypothalamus

Pubertal Manifestation of Sex Difference in Circadian Rhythm of Corticotrophin-Releasing Activity in the Rat Hypothalamus

Sexual maturation and the adrenal glands

The Effect of an Acute Light Cycle Change on Adrenal Rhythmicity in Prepubertal Rats

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