Role of Structural Changes Induced in Biological Membranes by Hydrolysable Tannins from Sumac Leaves (Rhus typhina L.) in their Antihemolytic and Antibacterial Effects

Abstract

In this study, we found that the sumac tannins (Rhus typhina L.) exert to a various extent antihemolytic effects and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa depending on structural specificity of bacteria and different mechanisms of their toxic action. The sumac tannins exert the most expressed activity against B. cereus. The antihemolytic effect of the sumac tannins seems to be connected to a greater extent with their modifying action on the erythrocyte membrane structure. It was found that the sumac tannins are incorporated into the erythrocyte membrane, causing transformation of discocytes into echinocytes and enhancing the rigidity of the hydrophilic region of the lipid bilayer. We suggest that the embedding of sumac tannins into the membrane of erythrocytes alters their physical properties and, as a consequence, can limit their interaction with bacterial toxins.

Inhibition of Bacterial Toxin Activity by the Nuclear Stain, DRAQ5™

“…We found that Draq5 inhibits toxin activity by directly modifying membrane structure, a finding that is similar to a previously reported finding that resveratrol inhibits cholera toxin (CT) activity by disrupting internalization of the toxin but not binding to the cell membrane (Morinaga et al , 2010). Another recent study demonstrated that sumac tannins decrease membrane fluidity, as we found for DRAQ5 ™ , and as a result, decrease hemolysis of erythrocytes by Bacillus cereus and hemolysin II (Olchowik-Grabarek et al , 2014). …”

Inhibition of interaction between Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin and erythrocytes membrane by hydrolysable tannins: structure-related activity study

“…Hemolysis assay. The effect of S. aureus NCTC 5655 and 8325-4 on the integrity of sheep erythrocytes was detected basing on the Olchowik-Grabarek et al method with some modifications 22 . Shortly, sheep blood was centrifuged (2,655 × g, 15 min, 4 °C) and plasma and buffy coat were removed by aspiration.…”

“…1). The studies of Olchowik-Grabarek et al 22 showed that the antihemolytic activity of Sumac tannins against Bacillus cereus cytolysins was associated with stiffening of the erythrocyte membrane. Another example is the study of the Morinaga's group 23 , which found that resveratrol inhibited the internalization of cholera toxin by stiffening the membranes of Vero kidney cells.…”

Elucidation of Structures of New Ellagitannins From Plants of Euphorbiaceous

“…Recently, researches carried out by scientists of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, have shown prosperity of use of natural phenolic compounds as an antiviral, antioxidant, anti-tumor agents [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. It was found that these compounds have high biological activity, which manifests itself in suppressing the activity of various viral infections, redox enzymes and etc.…”