Role of stress proteins and hormones in bioregulation of ontogeny

Abstract

ОБЗОРЫНесмотря на то что с момента формирования те-ории стресса [1] прошло уже более 3 / 4 века, еще преж-девременно говорить об исчерпывающем освеще-нии этой проблемы. Напротив, каждый год добав-ляются новые штрихи к портрету живых существ в процессе их адаптации к окружающей среде. В на-стоящее время наиболее изученными являются две теоретические конструкции: клеточного и физиоло-гического стресса [2,3]. Концепция клеточного стресса в большей степени изучается биологами и биохимиками и обсуждается, главным образом, применительно к так называемым белкам стресса (stress proteins), тогда как концепция физиологиче-ского стресса рассматривается в большей мере ме-диками и фармакологами и обсуждает, прежде все-го, реакции целостного организма на потенциально повреждающие воздействия с учетом функциониро-вания нейроэндокринной и иммунной систем [4].В данной работе мы попытались обобщить све-дения литературы и результаты собственных иссле-

Role of Glucocorticoids and Stress in Pathogeny of Diabetes Mellitus and Related Disorders

“…Undoubtedly, these interesting data can lead to the necessity of re-evaluating many established concepts on the role of GC and stress in mechanisms of metabolic disorders. However, as already it was noted in our previous work [46], the obstacle on the way of such re-evaluation may be insufficiently studied interactions between the proteins and hormones of stress.…”

“…Just recently we tried to attract the attention to insufficient description of cell stress mechanisms in the endocrinological literature [46]. In fact, contrary to hormonal mechanisms of so called physiologic stress, the role of cell stress in pathogeny of diabetes and related disorders is poorly studied yet.…”

Evolution of stress hormones and proteins in relation to developmental origins of health and disease

“…At present two different types of stress are discussed: physiologic and cellular one [1]. Physiologic stress is known to occur on the level of the whole organism of animals and humans, and its mechanisms involve the following hormones: corticoliberin (corticotropin-releasing factor, CRF) and arginine-vasopressin from the hypothalamus, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from hypophysis and glucocorticoids (GC: cortisol, corticosterone) from adrenal cortex, composing the so called hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.…”

“…Physiologic stress is known to occur on the level of the whole organism of animals and humans, and its mechanisms involve the following hormones: corticoliberin (corticotropin-releasing factor, CRF) and arginine-vasopressin from the hypothalamus, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from hypophysis and glucocorticoids (GC: cortisol, corticosterone) from adrenal cortex, composing the so called hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, mechanisms of physiologic stress involve also catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline), as well as oxytocin and many other bioregulators, but nevertheless, the fundamental role is attributed to HPA hormones [1,2].…”

The Role of Stress and Glucocorticoids in Pathogeny of Age-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders

“…Earlier we have evaluated the role of stress hormones and proteins in ontogenetic bioregulation [1,2] not always work well for studying the brain and other CNS parts, since the information loss may occur already during the first steps in biochemical procedures [9].…”