Role of specific dietary amino acids in clinical conditions

Jonker, Renate; Engelen, M.P.; Deutz, N.E.P.

doi:10.1017/s0007114512002358

Cited by 64 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…However, consuming a protein source or protein blend with a low leucine content will likely be of greater impact on stimulating postprandial muscle protein accretion in older and more clinically compromised populations. As mentioned, these individuals require greater amounts of leucine (>2.5-3g) to maximize postprandial MPS rates (50,91).…”

Section: Strategies To Augment the Anabolic Properties Of Plant-basedmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The leucine content of a meal appears to be of fundamental importance to postprandial stimulation of MPS, especially in older populations (50) and in more clinically compromised patient groups (91). Previously, Rieu et al (72) found that approximately doubling the leucine content of mixed meals increased MPS rates in older individuals.…”

Section: Strategies To Augment the Anabolic Properties Of Plant-basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Response to Plant- versus Animal-Based Protein Consumption

Vliet

Burd

Loon

2015

The Journal of Nutrition

452

409

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Clinical and consumer market interest is increasingly directed toward the use of plant-based proteins as dietary components aimed at preserving or increasing skeletal muscle mass. However, recent evidence suggests that the ingestion of the plant-based proteins in soy and wheat results in a lower muscle protein synthetic response when compared with several animal-based proteins. The possible lower anabolic properties of plant-based protein sources may be attributed to the lower digestibility of plant-based sources, in addition to greater splanchnic extraction and subsequent urea synthesis of plant protein-derived amino acids compared with animal-based proteins. The latter may be related to the relative lack of specific essential amino acids in plant- as opposed to animal-based proteins. Furthermore, most plant proteins have a relatively low leucine content, which may further reduce their anabolic properties when compared with animal proteins. However, few studies have actually assessed the postprandial muscle protein synthetic response to the ingestion of plant proteins, with soy and wheat protein being the primary sources studied. Despite the proposed lower anabolic properties of plant vs. animal proteins, various strategies may be applied to augment the anabolic properties of plant proteins. These may include the following: 1) fortification of plant-based protein sources with the amino acids methionine, lysine, and/or leucine; 2) selective breeding of plant sources to improve amino acid profiles; 3) consumption of greater amounts of plant-based protein sources; or 4) ingesting multiple protein sources to provide a more balanced amino acid profile. However, the efficacy of such dietary strategies on postprandial muscle protein synthesis remains to be studied. Future research comparing the anabolic properties of a variety of plant-based proteins should define the preferred protein sources to be used in nutritional interventions to support skeletal muscle mass gain or maintenance in both healthy and clinical populations.

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Section: Strategies To Augment the Anabolic Properties Of Plant-basedmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Strategies To Augment the Anabolic Properties Of Plant-basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Response to Plant- versus Animal-Based Protein Consumption

Vliet

Burd

Loon

2015

The Journal of Nutrition

452

409

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These include amino acids, tRNA, adenosine polyphosphate such as Ap4A, and aminoacyl-adenylates, which can control cell proliferation, translation, transcription, and apoptosis [23,40,[154][155][156][157]. The regulation of these factors and their functional relationship with ARSN will be a promising theme with regard to cancer.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases with Cancer

Kim

Kwon

Kim

2013

Topics in Current Chemistry

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Although aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) and ARS-interacting multi-functional proteins (AIMPs) have long been recognized as housekeeping proteins, evidence indicating that they play a key role in regulating cancer is now accumulating. In this chapter we will review the conventional and non-conventional functions of ARSs and AIMPs with respect to carcinogenesis. First, we will address how ARSs and AIMPs are altered in terms of expression, mutation, splicing, and post-translational modifications. Second, the molecular mechanisms for ARSs' and AIMPs' involvement in the initiation, maintenance, and progress of carcinogenesis will be covered. Finally, we will introduce the development of therapeutic approaches that target ARSs and AIMPs with the goal of treating cancer.

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“…In the past years, a strong theoretical rationale has been demonstrated for the use of amino acid mixtures in populations suffering from muscle wasting (35). Amino acids are the main nutrients responsible for acute stimulation of muscle protein synthesis, and essential amino acids (EAA) are solely responsible for the amino acid induced stimulation of muscle protein anabolism in healthy individuals and insulin-resistant states (36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein is an important but undervalued macronutrient in the nutritional care of patients with cystic fibrosis

Engelen

Com

Deutz

2014

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

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Purpose of review Achieving an optimal nutritional status in patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is important to maintain better pulmonary function, physical performance and to prolong survival. So far nutrition care in CF has mainly focused on fat intake and achieving energy balance but there is increasing information on the clinical importance of muscle maintenance and protein intake in CF. Recent findings Low muscle mass is consistently associated with pulmonary decline, bone mineral loss and poor survival in CF. High energy and fat intake contributes to an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in CF. Obesity per se is not related to better lung function in CF, and has negative metabolic and clinical consequences particularly when muscle wasting is present. Protein digestion capacity is severely impaired in CF but high protein intake is needed and essential amino acid mixtures appear highly anabolic even in those with severe muscle loss. Summary Body composition assessment and achieving protein balance in the routine care in CF is important to prevent muscle loss and further improve clinical and overall outcome of these patients. New approaches are needed to optimize the interaction between high essential amino acid rich protein intake and pancreatic enzyme regimen in CF. The optimal level of protein intake needs to be assessed in clinically stable CF patients as well as those recovering from an acute exacerbation.

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Role of specific dietary amino acids in clinical conditions

Cited by 64 publications

References 84 publications

The Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Response to Plant- versus Animal-Based Protein Consumption

The Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Response to Plant- versus Animal-Based Protein Consumption

Association of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases with Cancer

Protein is an important but undervalued macronutrient in the nutritional care of patients with cystic fibrosis

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