Role of shame in the stigmatization of people with human immunodeficiency virus: a survey of female college students in 3 Arab countries

Badahdah, Abdallah M.; Foote, C.E.

doi:10.26719/2010.16.9.982

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The only study of 277 female college students in three countries indicated that HIV knowledge among Bahraini students was associated with negative attitudes toward HIV-infected patients (19). To remove stigma and to contribute to HIV awareness, Bahrain Reproductive Health has approved a HIV/AIDS plan for workplaces.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Responses in Arab States on the Southern Persian Gulf Border: The First Review

Moradi

Alammehrjerdi

Daneshmand

et al. 2016

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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ContextThere is no review of HIV responses in Arab states on the southern Persian Gulf border. This narrative review aimed to describe and synthesize HIV responses in Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).Evidence AcquisitionA review of scientific databases and grey literature was conducted based on an international guide. Overall, 16 original studies and reports were found.ResultsThe review indicates that HIV has been found present in each Arab state based on sporadic case finding. The prevalence of HIV is the result of heterosexual relationship and/or drug injection. Mandatory testing of the nationals and expatriate workers is the main route of HIV detection. In general, HIV knowledge and education are poor. Only Bahrain has some non-governmental organizations that provide HIV education. Lack of identifying key populations and high risk behaviors has been reported in all of the states. HIV responses are mainly for Arab and Arabic-speaking nationals. Effective strategic plans for HIV have not been developed in all of the states. The provision of antiretroviral therapy for the nationals is the main HIV response. Only Qatar has paid for the treatment of Qatari and non-Qatari HIV-infected patients. As a HIV response, drug treatment is based on short-term inpatient rehabilitation. Only Qatar has voluntary HIV counseling and testing. Lack of needle and syringe programs has been reported for people who inject drugs with HIV problem in all of the states.ConclusionsTo conclude, HIV problem needs a comprehensive policy response in each state. Providing effective strategic plans for HIV and sero-surveillance data systems is required. Empowering human resources and infrastructural development are suggested.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV Responses in Arab States on the Southern Persian Gulf Border: The First Review

Moradi

Alammehrjerdi

Daneshmand

et al. 2016

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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“…26 Seven quantitative studies were assessed to be of fair quality. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Although some of these studies had a sample representative of the target population, 29,31,35 poor reporting made it difficult to assess the risk of selection bias in two studies 30,33 and two studies used sampling strategies that had the potential to introduce bias. 32,34 Only two studies were judged to be of poor quality.…”

Section: Quality Appraisalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually transmitted infection knowledge and attitudes among Muslim women worldwide: a systematic review

Alomair

Alageel

Davies

et al. 2020

Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters

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Extramarital sexual relations are forbidden in Islam, and sexual health information is not readily available in Islamic communities, especially for women. This review aimed to explore sexually transmitted infection (STI) knowledge and attitudes among Muslim women worldwide. A systematic review was conducted on seven electronic databases. We included qualitative and quantitative studies of female Muslim participants of reproductive age, focusing on STI knowledge and attitudes. A narrative synthesis approach was used with thematic analysis methods. Eighteen studies conducted in 13 countries were included. Three main themes were identified: poor knowledge and misconceptions; sources of sexual health information and information needs; and cultural influences on STI knowledge and attitudes. Generally, Muslim women had poor knowledge regarding STI signs and symptoms, prevention, diagnosis and treatment, in addition to many misconceptions. Negative attitudes towards people infected with HIV/AIDS were common, and attitudes were highly influenced by misconceptions and insufficient knowledge. Infected women tended to be subjected to more blame and judgement compared to men. While the review summarises knowledge and attitudes of Muslim women worldwide, we excluded studies that did not clearly state that the study participants were Muslim women, hence many countries with Muslim populations are not represented in this review. Negative attitudes towards STIs make it harder for women to access sexual health information, STI prevention and treatment. This review highlights the need for culturally sensitive sexual health education for Muslim women. Future sex education interventions would benefit from considering the wider personal and external barriers.

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“…Studies on attitudes towards HIV/AIDS among Arabs show that they are by large negative. These include, for example, studies on university and college students fromYemen (Soffer, 2019), the Gaza Strip (Kanoa, AbuNada, El-Sakka, Kariri, & Al-Hindi, 2015), the United Arab Emirates (Haroun et al, 2016), as well as studies on women students from Kuwait, Bahrain and Jordan (Badahdah & Foote, 2010), nursing students from Saudi Arabia (Abolfotouh, Saleh, Mahfouz, Abolfotouh, & Al Fozan, 2013), dental students from Saudi Arabia (Al-Qahtani et al, 2019), Palestinian dentists (Kateeb, Amer, & Bajali, 2015), pharmacy students in Qatar (Black, Wilby, & Perepelkin, 2013), adolescents in Saudi Arabia (Bokhamseen et al, 2017), the general public in Bahrain (Janahi, Mustafa, Alsari, Al-Mannai, & Farhat, 2018) and in Israel (author).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV/AIDS‐related beliefs among Israeli Arab‐Palestinian women

Soffer

2019

Health Soc Care Community

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Studies show that women are more vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission than men because of biological and sociocultural risk factors. Israeli Arab‐Palestinians are the largest ethnic minority group in Israel. Unofficial data suggest that merely one percent of the tests conducted in Israel to diagnose HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are conducted by this population and that Israeli Arab‐Palestinians are typically diagnosed late. Arab communities in Israel were found to be predominately patriarchal, characterised by conservative gender roles and structures, and the policing of overt sexual behaviours, particularly those of women. In order to advance our understanding of the HIV/AIDS phenomenon in different sociocultural contexts, as well as to design effective cultural‐sensitive interventions, we must first understand how HIV/AIDS is constructed in different cultural sites. Against this backdrop, this exploratory study examines HIV/AIDS‐related beliefs among non‐infected, Israeli Arab‐Palestinian women. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 12 women. Thematic content analysis was used in order to analyse the data. Five themes emerged from the analysis, in the first, personal responsibility and blame were assigned to people with HIV/AIDS for their illness. In the second theme, HIV/AIDS was constructed as a sexually transmitted disease, associated with ‘deviant’ sexuality and sexual conduct in the Arab culture. In the third theme, HIV/AIDS was believed to be transmitted by multiple, mostly mistaken, modes of contact. In the fourth theme, people with HIV/AIDS were believed to be subjected to severe negative social responses. In the fifth theme, individuals with HIV/AIDS were depicted as a symbol of physical and psychological malaise. In conclusion, the findings imply that Israeli Arab‐Palestinian women hold negative beliefs concerning people with HIV/AIDS and are misinformed regarding HIV transmission. This suggests a need to design culturally appropriate interventions to address stigma‐related beliefs and misconceptions concerning transmission, among Israeli Arab‐Palestinian women.

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Role of shame in the stigmatization of people with human immunodeficiency virus: a survey of female college students in 3 Arab countries

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

HIV Responses in Arab States on the Southern Persian Gulf Border: The First Review

HIV Responses in Arab States on the Southern Persian Gulf Border: The First Review

Sexually transmitted infection knowledge and attitudes among Muslim women worldwide: a systematic review

HIV/AIDS‐related beliefs among Israeli Arab‐Palestinian women

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