Role of Selenium in Neural Physiology of Avian Species

McFarland, L. Z.; Winget, C. M.; Wilson, Wilbor O.; Johnson, C. M.

doi:10.3382/ps.0490216

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These data agree with results reported by McFarland et al (1970) in that kidney and liver, characterized by some form of protein 2 Means within a column not followed by the same subscript are significantly different at P<0.01, X, Y and Z, P<0.05, x, y, and means within a row not followed by the same superscript are significantly different at P«0.01.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Response of Broiler Chick to Dietary Selenium

Guenter

Bragg

1977

Poultry Science

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An experiment was conducted using four hundred and eighty day-old straight run broiler chicks. The birds were divided into two groups and fed one of two depletion diets. Depletion diet 1 was low in Se (0.017 ppm.) and adequate in vitamin E (50 I.U./kg.), diet 2 was low in Se. and vitamin E. The two groups remained on these diets for 21 and 15 days respectively until the first signs of exudative diathesis (ED) appeared. During the depletion period blood and tissue samples (3 samples of 3 birds/sample) were obtained at 3 day intervals. Se. levels of 0.120, 0.107, 0.090, 0.073 and 0.041 ppm. were obtained for thigh muscle, kidney, heart muscle, liver and blood respectively at 21 days of depletion on the low Se. adequate vitamin E diet. The same tissues respectively were: 0.083, 0.180, 0.097 and 0.043 ppm. Se. at 15 days of depletion when fed the low Se.-Vit. E deficient diet. The birds fed diet 2 at 15 days of depletion were randomly allotted to 12 pens (16 birds/pen) after which one of four treatments (0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 ppm. added Se. as Na 2 Se0 3 ) was randomly assigned to each pen (3 pens/trt) and fed for 14 days. Triplicate pooled blood and tissue samples were obtained at 3 day intervals as during the depletion period. A significant (P<0.05) response in growth rate and feed efficiency was observed with 0.04 and 0.08 ppm. Se. supplementation. Liver and kidney responded to all dietary Se. supplementation, whereas blood and heart only responded to 0.08 ppm. supplementation. However, skeletal muscle showed no response. Zero, 24, 40 and 70% of birds fed 0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 ppm. Se. respectively were protected from ED during the experiment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Response of Broiler Chick to Dietary Selenium

Guenter

Bragg

1977

Poultry Science

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“…When cerebellum, which retained the highest concentration of 75 Se, was extracted, much of the 75 Se was soluble in aqueous buffer in a non-dialyzable form (Trapp and Millam 1975). Pineal gland and pituitary, as glandular organs, showed high levels of selenium in the brains of chicken and rats (McFarland et al 1969;Trapp and Millam 1975), and kinetics of selenium retention in pineal gland also differed from other brain regions (Trapp and Millam 1975).…”

Section: Selenium In Animal Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and selenoproteins in the brain and brain diseases

Chen

Berry

2003

Journal of Neurochemistry

390

219

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Over the past three decades, selenium has been intensively investigated as an antioxidant trace element. It is widely distributed throughout the body, but is particularly well maintained in the brain, even upon prolonged dietary selenium deficiency. Changes in selenium concentration in blood and brain have been reported in Alzheimer's disease and brain tumors. The functions of selenium are believed to be carried out by selenoproteins, in which selenium is specifically incorporated as the amino acid, selenocysteine. Several selenoproteins are expressed in brain, but many questions remain about their roles in neuronal function. Glutathione peroxidase has been localized in glial cells, and its expression is increased surrounding the damaged area in Parkinson's disease and occlusive cerebrovascular disease, consistent with its protective role against oxidative damage. Selenoprotein P has been reported to possess antioxidant activities and the ability to promote neuronal cell survival. Recent studies in cell culture and gene knockout models support a function for selenoprotein P in delivery of selenium to the brain. mRNAs for other selenoproteins, including selenoprotein W, thioredoxin reductases, 15-kDa selenoprotein and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase, are also detected in the brain. Future research directions will surely unravel the important functions of this class of proteins in the brain.

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