Role of Selenium in HIV/AIDS

Campa, Adriana; Baum, Marianna K.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1025-6_30

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Increased selenium levels may modulate selenoprotein gene expression and selenium supplementation has been found to be associated with reduced TNF-α levels in vitro and in vivo [ 57 , 58 ]. However, selenium can also act through modulating the effect of TNF-α via TNF-α receptors [ 59 ] and can up-regulate production of TNF-α in individuals in whom it is under-produced for example individuals at risk of carcinoma [ 60 ]. It therefore acts as an anti-proliferative agent and is also a component of many enzymes in the body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between maternal dietary micronutrient intake and neonatal anthropometry – secondary analysis from the ROLO study

Horan

McGowan

Gibney

et al. 2015

Nutr J

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BackgroundMicronutrients are necessary for fetal growth. However increasingly pregnant women are nutritionally replete and little is known about the effect of maternal micronutrient intakes on fetal adiposity in mothers with increased BMI. The aim of this study was to examine the association of maternal dietary micronutrient intake with neonatal size and adiposity in a cohort at risk of macrosomia.MethodsThis was a cohort analysis of 554 infants from the ROLO study. Three day food diaries from each trimester were collected. Neonatal weight, length, circumferences and skinfold thicknesses were measured at birth. Multiple linear regression was used to identify associations between micronutrient intakes and neonatal anthropometry.ResultsBirthweight was negatively associated with maternal trimester 3 vitamin D intake and positively associated with trimester 3 vitamin B12 intake R2adj 19.8 % (F = 13.19, p <0.001). Birth length was positively associated with trimester 3 magnesium intake R2adj 12.9 % (F = 8.06, p <0.001). In terms of neonatal central adiposity; abdominal circumference was positively associated with maternal trimester 3 retinol intake and negatively associated with trimester 3 vitamin E and selenium intake R2adj 11.9 % (F = 2.93, p = 0.002), waist:length ratio was negatively associated with trimester 3 magnesium intake R2adj 20.1 % (F = 3.92, p <0.001) and subscapular:triceps skinfold ratio was negatively associated with trimester 1 selenium intake R2adj7.2 % (F = 2.00, p = 0.047).ConclusionsMaternal micronutrient intake was associated with neonatal anthropometry even in women not at risk of malnutrition. Further research is necessary to determine optimal micronutrient intake in overweight and obese pregnant women.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN54392969.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12937-015-0095-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between maternal dietary micronutrient intake and neonatal anthropometry – secondary analysis from the ROLO study

Horan

McGowan

Gibney

et al. 2015

Nutr J

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“…This may be related not only to the role of selenium in immune functions, but also to its activity in modulating viral expression. Furthermore, as stated above, selenium is involved in the protection against oxidative damage, that is associated both with the chronic infection and with its treatment [ 205 ]. Several studies have highlighted that HIV infection is typically associated with increased ROS [ 205 , 206 ], with a consequent decrease of the major antioxidant nutrients, including selenium [ 205 , 207 , 208 ].…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antiretroviral drugs have been associated with increased oxidative stress and damage, especially in human aortic endothelial cells [ 209 , 210 , 211 ] which may cause the long-term development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease as a side-effect [ 205 ]. Thus, supplementation of antioxidants, including selenium, may be an important part of the therapy against the side effect of the treatment.…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In HIV-infected children and adults, selenium deficiency has been associated with advanced immunodeficiency [ 205 ], disease progression and mortality [ 212 , 213 , 214 ]. The significant HIV-related mortality in situations of selenium deficiency demonstrate the importance of maintaining an adequate selenium status in HIV infected patients [ 213 , 215 , 216 , 217 ].…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review

2022

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Selenium is an essential microelement required for a number of biological functions. Selenium—and more specifically the amino acid selenocysteine—is present in at least 25 human selenoproteins involved in a wide variety of essential biological functions, ranging from the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration to the biosynthesis of hormones. These processes also play a central role in preventing and modulating the clinical outcome of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, mental disorders, cardiovascular disorders, fertility impairments, inflammation, and infections (including SARS-CoV-2). Over the past years, a number of studies focusing on the relationship between selenium and such pathologies have been reported. Generally, an adequate selenium nutritional state—and in some cases selenium supplementation—have been related to improved prognostic outcome and reduced risk of developing several diseases. On the other hand, supra-nutritional levels might have adverse effects. The results of recent studies focusing on these topics are summarized and discussed in this review, with particular emphasis on advances achieved in the last decade.

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“…Se deficiency has been recognized as a contributing factor to pathophysiological conditions, including heart disease (127), neuromuscular disorders (258), cancer (159), male infertility (351), and inflammation (168), as well as numerous other disorders. Se has been also implicated in mammalian development (181), immune function (292), inhibition of viral expression (19), and delaying the progression of AIDS in HIV-positive patients (40). Research on the physiological roles and health benefits of Se has made tremendous progress following the discoveries that the amino acid residue in proteins, selenocysteine (Sec), is a major form of Se in the cell and that Sec is encoded by the UGA codon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

Labunskyy

Hatfield

Gladyshev³

2014

Physiological Reviews

994

835

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Selenium is an essential micronutrient with important functions in human health and relevance to several pathophysiological conditions. The biological effects of selenium are largely mediated by selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) that are present in all three domains of life. Although selenoproteins represent diverse molecular pathways and biological functions, all these proteins contain at least one selenocysteine (Sec), a seleniumcontaining amino acid, and most serve oxidoreductase functions. Sec is cotranslationally inserted into nascent polypeptide chains in response to the UGA codon, whose normal function is to terminate translation. To decode UGA as Sec, organisms evolved the Sec insertion machinery that allows incorporation of this amino acid at specific UGA codons in a process requiring a cis-acting Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element. Although the basic mechanisms of Sec synthesis and insertion into proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have been studied in great detail, the identity and functions of many selenoproteins remain largely unknown. In the last decade, there has been significant progress in characterizing selenoproteins and selenoproteomes and understanding their physiological functions. We discuss current knowledge about how these unique proteins perform their functions at the molecular level and highlight new insights into the roles that selenoproteins play in human health.

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Role of Selenium in HIV/AIDS

Cited by 7 publications

References 87 publications

The association between maternal dietary micronutrient intake and neonatal anthropometry – secondary analysis from the ROLO study

The association between maternal dietary micronutrient intake and neonatal anthropometry – secondary analysis from the ROLO study

The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review

Selenoproteins: Molecular Pathways and Physiological Roles

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