Role of ROS Production and Turnover in the Antioxidant Activity of Taurine

Shimada, Kayoko; Jong, Chian Ju; Takahashi, Kyoko; Schaffer, Stephen W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15126-7_47

Cited by 66 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid are important antioxidants in the body that directly remove ROS from the brain. Taurine exerts an antioxidant effect by inhibiting ROS production and the inflammatory response through the mitochondria electron transport chain [26]. Studies have reported the antioxidative effects of thymoquinone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Thymoquinone on Small-Molecule Metabolites in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Assessed using MALDI-MSI

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thymoquinone is one of the main components present in Nigella sativa seeds and is known to have various biological functions in inflammation, oxidative stress, tumors, aging, and in lowering blood glucose levels. Few studies have focused on its neuroprotective effects and its regulation of small-molecule metabolites during cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. In this study, transient middle cerebral occlusion (tMCAO) was used to establish the rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. We investigated the effects of thymoquinone using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) in a model of ischemia reperfusion injury to explore the changes in small-molecule metabolites in the brain. We found that that thymoquinone significantly improved neurobehavioral scores, reduced the cerebral infarct area, alleviated brain edema, and increased the number of normal neurons following injury. MALDI-MSI revealed that thymoquinone reduced abnormal accumulations of glucose, citric acid, succinate and potassium ions. Thymoquinone also increased the amount of energy-related molecules such as ADP, AMP, GMP, and creatine, antioxidants such as glutathione, ascorbic acid, and taurine, and other metabolism-related molecules such as glutamate, glutamine, aspartate, N-acetyl-L-aspartate, and sodium ions in damaged areas of the brain following cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. In summary, based on the neuroprotective effect of thymoquinone on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, this study revealed the regulation of thymoquinone on energy metabolism and small-molecule substance metabolism.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Thymoquinone on Small-Molecule Metabolites in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Assessed using MALDI-MSI

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Note that the distribution of PHT1/2 in tissues is species-specific in that human skeletal muscle expresses PHT1 but no PHT2, whereas mouse skeletal muscle expresses both PHT1 and PHT2 to osmoregulation; (6) a key component of nerve and muscle conduction networks; (7) a stimulator of neurological development; and (8) an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) (Schaffer and Kim 2018). Thus, taurine exerts beneficial effects on cardiovascular (including protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury, maintaining cell membrane structure, and reducing blood pressure), digestive, endocrine, immune, muscular, neurological, reproductive, and visual systems (Ito et al 2014;Shimada et al 2015;Seidel et al 2019). For example, taurine protects cells and tissues (brain) from the toxicity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), excess metals [e.g., nickel (Xu et al 2015) and manganese (Ahmadi et al 2018)], and ammonia (Jamshidzadeh et al 2017a) by maintaining the integrity of plasma and organelle (especially mitochondrion) membranes of the cell.…”

Section: Physiological Functions Of Taurinementioning

confidence: 99%

Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health

2020

Amino Acids

298

192

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Taurine (a sulfur-containing β-amino acid), creatine (a metabolite of arginine, glycine and methionine), carnosine (a dipeptide; β-alanyl-l-histidine), and 4-hydroxyproline (an imino acid; also often referred to as an amino acid) were discovered in cattle, and the discovery of anserine (a methylated product of carnosine; β-alanyl-1-methyl-l-histidine) also originated with cattle. These five nutrients are highly abundant in beef, and have important physiological roles in anti-oxidative and antiinflammatory reactions, as well as neurological, muscular, retinal, immunological and cardiovascular function. Of particular note, taurine, carnosine, anserine, and creatine are absent from plants, and hydroxyproline is negligible in many plant-source foods. Consumption of 30 g dry beef can fully meet daily physiological needs of the healthy 70-kg adult human for taurine and carnosine, and can also provide large amounts of creatine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline to improve human nutrition and health, including metabolic, retinal, immunological, muscular, cartilage, neurological, and cardiovascular health. The present review provides the public with the much-needed knowledge of nutritionally and physiologically significant amino acids, dipeptides and creatine in animal-source foods (including beef). Dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline are beneficial for preventing and treating obesity, cardiovascular dysfunction, and ageing-related disorders, as well as inhibiting tumorigenesis, improving skin and bone health, ameliorating neurological abnormalities, and promoting well being in infants, children and adults. Furthermore, these nutrients may promote the immunological defense of humans against infections by bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses (including coronavirus) through enhancing the metabolism and functions of monocytes, macrophages, and other cells of the immune system. Red meat (including beef) is a functional food for optimizing human growth, development and health.

show abstract

“…Here, it may play an important role in Ca 2+ homeostasis and even serve as a modulator of protein kinases and phosphatases (Schaffer et al, 2010). At a systemic level, taurine produced from the liver may enhance glucose transport into cells and also serve as an antioxidant (De la Puerta et al, 2010;Shimada et al, 2015).…”

Section: Unknown Components Of Taurine-mediated Neurotransmission In mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taurine also acts as an antioxidant, as it attenuates formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via complex I and inhibits NADPH oxidase, which is an important source of cytosolic ROS (Jong et al, 2012;Li et al, 2009;Miao et al, 2013). Furthermore, elevated levels of taurine are correlated with an attenuation of antioxidant enzyme depletion (Pushpakiran et al, 2004;Zhu et al, 2016;Shimada et al, 2015). In the turtle brain, ROS levels are reduced throughout anoxia (Pamenter et al, 2007;Hogg et al, 2015) and ROS production following re-oxygenation is largely suppressed (Pamenter et al, 2007;Milton et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine activates glycine and GABAA receptor currents in anoxia-tolerant painted turtle pyramidal neurons

Miles

Hawrysh

Hossein-Javaheri

et al. 2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Unlike anoxia-intolerant mammals, painted turtles can survive extended periods without oxygen. This is partly accomplished by an anoxia-mediated increase in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release, which activates GABA receptors and mediates spike arrest in turtle neurons via shunting inhibition. Extracellular taurine levels also increase during anoxia; why this occurs is unknown but it is speculated that glycine and/or GABA receptors are involved. Given the general importance of inhibitory neurotransmission in the anoxia-tolerant painted turtle brain, we investigated the function of taurine as an inhibitory neuromodulator in turtle pyramidal neurons. Using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological methods to record from neurons within a cortical brain sheet, we found that taurine depolarized membrane potential by ∼8 mV, increased whole-cell conductance ∼2-fold, and induced an inward current that possessed characteristics similar to GABA- and glycine-evoked currents. These effects were mitigated following glycine receptor antagonism with strychnine and GABA receptor antagonism with gabazine, bicuculine or picrotoxin, but were unchanged following GABA or glutamatergic receptor inhibition. These data indicate that a high concentration of taurine mediates its effects through both glycine and GABA receptors, and suggests that taurine, in addition to GABA, inhibits neuronal activity during anoxia in the turtle cortex.

show abstract

Role of ROS Production and Turnover in the Antioxidant Activity of Taurine

Cited by 66 publications

References 64 publications

Effects of Thymoquinone on Small-Molecule Metabolites in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Assessed using MALDI-MSI

Effects of Thymoquinone on Small-Molecule Metabolites in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Assessed using MALDI-MSI

Important roles of dietary taurine, creatine, carnosine, anserine and 4-hydroxyproline in human nutrition and health

Taurine activates glycine and GABAA receptor currents in anoxia-tolerant painted turtle pyramidal neurons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About