Role of Root Injury in Panama Disease Infections

Steeves, Taylor A.; Steeves, Margaret W.; Riedhart, Joseph M.

doi:10.1038/182309a0

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Once inside cells, it was shown to rapidly spread from one cell to another through tiny pores in the cell wall, and to reproduce within cells. Our suggestion that infection also occurred through wounds at the base of primary roots were earlier demonstrated by Sequeira et al (1958), who proved that both the main root and lateral rootlets could be infected through injuries. It has previously been shown that, once the fungus reached the main root base inside the lateral roots, it was well established and would eventually result in infection of the rhizome (Rishbeth 1955).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…'Brazilian', 16 days after inoculation. Stover and Waite (1954); Sequeira et al (1958) and Beckman et al (1961). In these studies, based primarily on the Foc race 1-Gros Michel interaction, banana suckers instead of tissue culture material were inoculated, and root infection was studied by means of light microscopy and the discolouration of root cells, rather than by using GFP-transformed fungal isolates and confocal laser scanning microscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wardlaw (1930) reported that healthy roots did not become infected when inoculated with Foc, but that roots inoculated at the apex and young, decapitated roots became diseased, whereas older roots partially resisted penetration by the pathogen. Subsequently, Rishbeth (1957) and Sequeira et al (1958) found that, although the pathogen did not directly invade intact main roots, it frequently invaded mature rootlets (lateral roots). In addition, Stover (1957) reported that invasion occurs at or near the root-cap of lateral roots, as was described in the current investigation for Foc race 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of GFP-transformed isolates to study infection of banana with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4

et al. 2011

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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the causal pathogen of Fusarium wilt of banana. To understand infection of banana roots by Foc race 4, we developed a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged transformant and studied pathogenesis using fluorescence microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The transformation was efficient, and GFP expression was stable for at least six subcultures with fluorescence clearly visible in both hyphae and spores. The transformed Foc isolate also retained its pathogenicity and growth pattern, which was similar to that of the wild type. The study showed that: (i) Foc race 4 was capable of invading the epidermal cells of banana roots directly; (ii) potential invasion sites include epidermal cells of root caps and elongation zone, and natural wounds in the lateral root base; (iii) in banana roots, fungal hyphae were able to penetrate cell walls directly to grow inside and outside cells; and (iv) fungal spores were produced in the root system and rhizome. To better understand the interaction between Foc race 4 and bananas, nine banana cultivars were inoculated with the GFP-transformed pathogen. Root exudates from these cultivars were collected and their effect on conidia of the GFP-tagged Foc race 4 was determined. Our results showed that roots of the Foc race 4-susceptible banana plants were well colonized with the pathogen, but not those of the Foc race 4-resistant cultivars. Root exudates from highly resistant cultivars inhibited the germination and growth of the Fusarium wilt pathogen; those of moderately resistant cultivars reduced spore germination and hyphal growth, whereas the susceptible cultivars did not affect fungal germination and growth. The results of this work demonstrated that GFP-tagged Foc race 4 isolates are an effective tool to study plant-fungus interactions that could potentially be used for evaluating resistance in banana to Foc race 4 by means of root colonization studies. Banana root exudates could potentially also be used to identify cultivars in the Chinese Banana Germplasm Collection with resistance to the Fusarium wilt pathogen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of GFP-transformed isolates to study infection of banana with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4

et al. 2011

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“…As hyphae of Foxy 2 were able to circumvent the endodermal barrier by growing within Striga haustoria into the central cylinder of the sorghum root (Ndambi et al 2011), the question arose whether Foxy 2 could afterwards proliferate and cause harm within the central cylinder of sorghum roots. Previous studies have shown that wounds are essential for vascular infection, sometimes enhancing infection and severity of diseases (Wardlaw 1930;Sequeira, Steeves, Steeves, and Riedhart 1958;Doling 1963;Hepple 1963). Hence, experiments were carried out in this study which involved removing the endodermal barrier (wounding the roots to expose vessels) to allow access of Foxy 2 into the central cylinder so as to test the hypothesis that removal of the endodermal barrier could lead to tracheomycosis resulting in wilting of the sorghum plant as is the case with pathogenic Fusaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue specific reactions of sorghum roots to the mycoherbicideFusariumoxysporumf. sp.strigaeversus the pathogenicF. proliferatum

Ndambi

Cadisch

Elzein

et al. 2012

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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“…With the exception of sucker rhizomes being infected directly from diseased mother plants, all infection sites originate in the roots (Brandes 1919;Wardlaw 1941). Within 2 days of infecting a lateral root, hyphae can invade the vessels of the vascular system (Sequeira et al 1958). The plant responds to invasion by secreting gels and forming tyloses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A foliar rating system for comparing the resistance of banana cultivars grown as tissue-cultured plantlets in the laboratory to Fusarium wilt

Nasir

Pittaway²,

Pegg

et al. 2003

Austral. Plant Pathol.

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Abstract. A foliar rating system was developed to assess the progress of Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in seven banana cultivars differing in their resistance to race 1 of the pathogen. Plantlets were transplanted into unamended soil naturally infested with the pathogen, soil amended with urea and soil amended with aged chicken manure. A corm invasion score was also developed to assess the accuracy of the foliar symptom score as an indicator of cultivar resistance. On the basis of foliar symptom scores alone, the response of five of the seven cultivars in the chicken manure treatment corresponded to their known field response. However, the response of the other two cultivars, both susceptible to the pathogen in the field, fell into two categories. One had a high foliar symptom score and a correspondingly high corm invasion score, whereas the other had a low foliar symptom score and a high corm invasion score. Breeders need to be aware of the two categories of susceptible response, if inferior breeding material is to be rejected early on in a breeding program.A P 0 3 0 6 5 F o l i a r r a t i n g s y s t e m f o r r e s i s t a n c e t o b a n a n a F u s a r i u m w i l t N . N a s i r e t a l .

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Role of Root Injury in Panama Disease Infections

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

The use of GFP-transformed isolates to study infection of banana with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4

The use of GFP-transformed isolates to study infection of banana with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4

Tissue specific reactions of sorghum roots to the mycoherbicideFusariumoxysporumf. sp.strigaeversus the pathogenicF. proliferatum

A foliar rating system for comparing the resistance of banana cultivars grown as tissue-cultured plantlets in the laboratory to Fusarium wilt

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