Role of Research and Regulation in 50 Years of Pest Management in Agriculture Prepared for the 50th Anniversary of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Wheeler, W. B.

doi:10.1021/jf0256438

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Use of synthetic organic pesticides became widespread during the second half of the 20th century. 36 The incidence of NHL also increased during this time. Some pesticides have demonstrated tumor initiating and/or promoting effects in animals.…”

Section: Occupational and Environmental Factors Occupational And Envimentioning

confidence: 87%

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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Section: Occupational and Environmental Factors Occupational And Envimentioning

confidence: 87%

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

et al. 2007

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“…After that, the concentrations in the environment and thus also in the food chain have declined, although the rate have leveled off during the 1990s. In addition, use of synthetic organic pesticides became widespread during the second half of the 20th century [78] and the incidence of NHL also increased during this time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of hematopoietic cancers: meta-analysis of case–control studies

Merhi¹,

Raynal²,

Cahuzac³

et al. 2007

Cancer Causes Control

159

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The overall meta-odds ratio suggests that there is a significantly positive association between occupational exposure to pesticides and all hematopoietic cancers as well as NHL. A major limitation of our meta-analysis is the lack of sufficient data about exposure information and other risk factors for hematopoietic cancer (genetic predisposition, ethnic origin, immunodepression...). In addition, data concerning specific subtypes of hematopoietic cancers are often confusing. Thus, future epidemiological studies should undertake a major effort to assess the identity and the level of pesticides exposure and should control for the most likely potential confounders.

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“…OP compounds were originally developed as nerve poisons and can be highly toxic, with a broad range of effects that include cancer, reproductive dysfunction, lung disease and neurobehavioral deficits (Eaton et al, 2008; Wheeler, 2002). CPF and other OP compounds act primarily through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), leading to a buildup of acetylcholine and overstimulation at cholinergic synapses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral assessment of mice following repeated postnatal exposure to chlorpyrifos-oxon

Cole¹,

Fisher²,

Burbacher³

et al. 2012

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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Chlorpyrifos (CPF), one of the most widely-used organophosphorus (OP) insecticides in agriculture, is degraded in the field to its oxon form, chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO), which can represent a significant contaminant in exposures to adults and children. CPO is also responsible for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition associated with CPF exposures; CPF is converted by liver CYP450 enzymes to CPO, which binds to and inhibits AChE and other serine active-site esterases, lipases and proteases. Young children represent a particularly susceptible population for exposure to CPF and CPO, in part because levels of the plasma enzyme, paraoxonase (PON1), which hydrolyzes CPO, are very low during early development. While a number of studies have demonstrated developmental neurotoxicity associated with CPF exposure, including effects at or below the threshold levels for AChE inhibition, it is unclear whether these effects were due directly to CPF or to its active metabolite, CPO. PON1 knockout (PON1−/−) mice, which lack PON1, represent a highly sensitive mouse model for toxicity associated with exposure to CPF or CPO. To examine the neurobehavioral consequences of CPO exposure during postnatal development, PON1−/− mice were exposed daily from PND 4 to PND 21 to CPO at 0.15, 0.18, or 0.25 mg/kg/d. A neurobehavioral test battery did not reveal significant effects of CPO on early reflex development, motor coordination, pre-pulse inhibition of startle, startle amplitude, open field behavior, or learning and memory in the contextual fear conditioning, Morris water maze, or water radial-arm maze tests. However, body weight gain and startle latency were significantly affected by exposure to 0.25 mg/kg/d CPO. Additionally, from PNDs 15–20 the mice exposed repeatedly to CPO at all three doses exhibited a dose-related transient hyperkinesis in the 20-min period following CPO administration, suggesting possible effects on catecholaminergic neurotransmission. Our previous study demonstrated wide-ranging effects of neonatal CPO exposure on gene expression in the brain and on brain AChE inhibition, and modulation of both of these effects by the PON1Q192R polymorphism. The current study indicates that the neurobehavioral consequences of these effects are more elusive, and suggests that alternative neurobehavioral tests might be warranted, such as tests of social interactions, age-dependent effects on learning and memory, or tests designed specifically to assess dopaminergic or noradrenergic function.

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Role of Research and Regulation in 50 Years of Pest Management in Agriculture Prepared for the 50th Anniversary of the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Cited by 52 publications

References 4 publications

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: A review of the epidemiologic literature

Occupational exposure to pesticides and risk of hematopoietic cancers: meta-analysis of case–control studies

Neurobehavioral assessment of mice following repeated postnatal exposure to chlorpyrifos-oxon

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