Role of prostaglandins on the regulation of macrophage proliferation and cytotoxic functions

Meerpohl, Hans-Gerd; Bauknecht, Thomas

doi:10.1016/0090-6980(86)90026-2

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…AA derivatives exert their immunosuppressive effects on different target cells, including B, T, and myeloid cells (17). Abnormal amounts of these immunoregulators have been shown to be produced in response to C. albicans infection (18), and their involvement in a disregulation of the immune response during the course of the infection has been demonstrated (30).…”

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confidence: 99%

Candida albicans-Derived β-1,2-Linked Mannooligosaccharides Induce Desensitization of Macrophages

et al. 2000

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Candida albicans ␤-1,2-oligomannosides stimulate macrophage tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) but not NO release. This stimulation desensitized macrophages by altering ␤-1,2-oligomannoside-dependent TNF-␣ production and lipopolysaccharide-dependent TNF-␣ and NO secretion. Desensitization was not related to tyrosine phosphorylation signal transduction but was transferred by culture supernatants in which arachidonic acid derivatives were evidenced.During the course of infection, Candida albicans disregulates the immune system (8), namely by altering macrophage functions (7,20). It suppresses nitric oxide (NO) production by murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated by gamma interferon or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5). Although these results have pathophysiological relevance (26), the nature of C. albicans molecules responsible for either stimulation or suppression of macrophage activities has not been investigated yet.Desensitization leading to suppression of macrophage functions in response to a second stimulation is generally a property of microbial molecules which act as macrophage major stimulants (6, 31). The prototypic example of microbial stimulants presenting these activities is the bacterial LPS. Among fungi, the cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide has been shown to display down-regulating activities concerning tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) and interleukin 1␤ (IL-1␤) secretion (14, 28).C. albicans yeast cells stimulate TNF-␣ production (12, 16), and different C. albicans-derived molecules have been shown to maintain these capacities (9,11,27). All these molecules display a polysaccharidic moiety presenting ␤-1,2-oligomannosides (25), a special type of sugars first described in the acidlabile fraction of the C. albicans cell wall phosphopeptidomannan (22). The ␤-1,2-oligomannosides are able per se to stimulate TNF-␣ production (13). This stimulation depended on the oligomer size, and the mannotetraose was the minimal C. albicans-derived molecular entity displaying TNF-␣-inducing properties. With the aim of exploring the molecular mechanisms responsible for down-regulation of macrophage functions by C. albicans, we used this C. albicans-derived ␤-1,2 mannotetraose in a series of experiments (whose principle is shown in Fig. 1) with the J774 macrophage cell line.Cells were incubated with 50 M ␤-1,2-mannotetraose purified from the cell wall of the VW32 strain of C. albicans (serotype A) as previously described (13). The effect on cell stimulation was first compared to that obtained with 1 g of LPS per ml from Escherichia coli (0111B4). The cell response was examined through the measurement in the cell-free supernatants of TNF-␣ by using the L929 lytic bioassay (13). Comparable amounts and kinetics of TNF-␣ production were obtained with both stimuli: cytokine production peaked after 4 to 5 h of stimulation with values of 6.6 Ϯ 3.0 and 6.7 Ϯ 3.0 ng/ml upon ␤-1,2-oligomannoside and LPS stimulation, respectively, and decreased to an undetectable amount after 12 to 15 h. LPS-dependent cytokine indu...

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Candida albicans-Derived β-1,2-Linked Mannooligosaccharides Induce Desensitization of Macrophages

et al. 2000

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“…Moreover, prostanoids are known to reduce macrophage activation and replication, an event typically associated with cell differentiation (Gentile and Pelus, 1987;Meerpohl and Bauknecht, 1987). These observations led us to hypothesize that prostaglandins also promote expression of the MMR.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prostaglandin E specifically upregulates the expression of the mannose-receptor on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages.

et al. 1990

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The macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) facilitates the binding and internalization of microorganisms and glycoproteins with terminal mannose residues. The receptor is progressively upregulated as bone marrow precursor cells mature into macrophages and thus may serve as a marker of differentiation. Prostaglandins of the E series (PGE) are known inhibitors of monocyte and macrophage precursor proliferation, an effect often associated with cellular maturation. MMR expression was therefore assessed after exposure of bone marrow macrophage precursor (BMMP) cells to these prostanoids. Receptor expression was determined by ligand binding and via immunoprecipitation of newly synthesized receptor molecules. PGE1 and PGE2 at 10(-9)-10(-6) M upregulated MMR surface expression and biosynthesis four- to sixfold in a dose-dependent manner. BMMPs responsive to prostaglandins were characterized by plastic adherence, F4/80 antigen expression, and nonspecific esterase activity. Prostaglandins accelerated the expression of the MMR in cells by 48-72h, with maximal levels of receptor expression being identical in control or treated cells. Thus, prostaglandins enhanced mannose receptor expression in adherent but not fully differentiated macrophage precursors. This effect is specific for PGE and is mimicked by dibutyrl cyclic AMP. These results indicate that prostaglandins accelerate MMR expression and hence the differentiation of macrophage precursor cells. Cells resident in the bone marrow secrete abundant prostaglandins, suggesting that a paracrine mechanism may exist to regulate MMR expression and function.

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Mechanisms of Dietary Fat Involvement in Tumorigenesis: Role of Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids in Macrophage Function

Erickson

Somers

Chapkin

1989

Carcinogenesis and Dietary Fat

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Role of prostaglandins on the regulation of macrophage proliferation and cytotoxic functions

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Candida albicans-Derived β-1,2-Linked Mannooligosaccharides Induce Desensitization of Macrophages

Candida albicans-Derived β-1,2-Linked Mannooligosaccharides Induce Desensitization of Macrophages

Prostaglandin E specifically upregulates the expression of the mannose-receptor on mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Mechanisms of Dietary Fat Involvement in Tumorigenesis: Role of Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids in Macrophage Function

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