Role of proline in cell wall synthesis and plant development and its implications in plant ontogeny

Kishor, P. B. Kavi; Kumari, P. Hima; Sunita, M. S. L.; Sreenivasulu, Nese

doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00544

Cited by 233 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 207 publications

(268 reference statements)

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“…Proline accumulation is a frequently observed phenomenon in response to various abiotic stresses including soil salinity and is often considered as contributory to the ability of tolerant genotypes (Turan and Tripathy 2013), which is evidenced in our results as well. Recent reports highlight the importance of proline sink during seed development (Kavi Kishor and Sreenivasulu 2014;Kavi Kishor et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential growth and yield responses of salt-tolerant and susceptible rice cultivars to individual (Na+ and Cl−) and additive stress effects of NaCl

Kumar

Khare

2016

Acta Physiol Plant

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Negative impacts exerted by sodium (Na ? ) and chloride (Cl -) ions individually as well their possible additive effects (under NaCl) were evaluated on growth and yield reductions in rice, besides investigating whether salt-tolerant genotypes respond differentially than their sensitive counterparts. Though both Na ? and Cl -ions get accumulated in plant tissues under NaCl stress, most research has historically been aimed to decipher harmful effects induced by Na ? ions. Accordingly, physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in Cl -toxicity are not clearly understood in crop plants. To address these issues, 65-day-old plants of two rice cultivars, Panvel-3 (tolerant) and Sahyadri-3 (sensitive) were subjected to Cl -, Na ? and NaCl (each with 100 mM concentration and electrical conductivity of &10 dS m -1 ) stress using soil-based systems. Stress conditions were maintained till harvesting of mature (128-day-old) plants. All three treatments induced substantial antagonistic effects on growth, dry mass, yield components (number of grains per panicle, length, width, thickness and weight of grain, along with the percentage of grains filled) and overall crop yield, with greater impacts under NaCl than its constituent ions. Salinity treatments caused an imbalance in reducing sugars, protein, starch and proline contents, with the greatest magnitude under NaCl.A negative correlation between Cl -/Na ? accumulation and crop yield was witnessed, with higher severity on the sensitive cultivar. The overall magnitude of toxicity was observed highest in NaCl followed by Na ? and Cl -, respectively, suggesting additive effects of constituent ions under NaCl. Both cultivars responded similarly; however, the tolerant cultivar, unlike the sensitive one, kept Na ? :K ? ratio \1.0 and accumulated proline in response to salinity treatments used in this study.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential growth and yield responses of salt-tolerant and susceptible rice cultivars to individual (Na+ and Cl−) and additive stress effects of NaCl

Kumar

Khare

2016

Acta Physiol Plant

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“…Most AGPs are O -glycosylated at hydroxyproline residues by type II AG group35. And their pivotal roles in cell wall signal transduction, plant development and stress tolerance have also been discussed36. Intriguingly, FLA2 was found to be significant in several stress-related AFGC microarray experiments37.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global DNA methylation variations after short-term heat shock treatment in cultured microspores of Brassica napus cv. Topas

Huang

Sun

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Heat stress can induce the cultured microspores into embryogenesis. In this study, whole genome bisulphite sequencing was employed to study global DNA methylation variations after short-term heat shock (STHS) treatments in cultured microspores of Brassica napus cv. Topas. Our results indicated that treatment on cultured Topas microspores at 32 °C for 6 h triggered DNA hypomethylation, particularly in the CG and CHG contexts. And the total number of T32 (Topas 32 °C for 6 h) vs. T0 (Topas 0 h) differentially methylated region-related genes (DRGs) was approximately two-fold higher than that of T18 (Topas 18 °C for 6 h) vs. T0 DRGs, which suggested that 32 °C might be a more intense external stimulus than 18 °C resulting in more changes in the DNA methylation status of cultured microspores. Additionally, 32 °C treatment for 6 h led to increased CHG differential methylations of transposons (DMTs), which were mainly constituted by overlaps between the hypomethylated differentially methylated regions (hypo-DMRs) and transposon elements (TEs). Further analysis demonstrated that the DRGs and their paralogs exhibited differential methylated/demethylated patterns. To summarize, the present study is the first methylome analysis of cultured microspores in response to STHS and may provide valuable information on the roles of DNA methylation in heat response.

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“…As an example, Pro has been demonstrated to had implications in flowering (Mattioli et al , 2009, the participation in redox homeostasis (Sharma et al 2011) or/and plant senescence and, very recently, a wide range of functions in ontogeny has been discussed (Kishor et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro approaches demonstrate proline is not directly involved in the protection against superoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and peroxynitrite

Signorelli¹,

Imparatta²,

Rodríguez-Ruiz³

et al. 2016

Functional Plant Biol.

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Plants accumulate proline under diverse types of stresses, and it has been suggested that this a-amino acid has the capacity to protect against oxidative stress. However, it is still controversial whether its protection is due to the direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To solve this issue and considering that nitrosative stress is directly related with an oxidative stress condition, we evaluated whether proline can protect against nitrosative damage. Using proteins of Lotus japonicus (Regel) K.Larsen leaves exposed to a peroxynitrite (ONOO -/ONOOH) generator in presence and absence of 100 mM proline, the potential of proline to protect was analysed by the protein nitration profile and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, which is inhibited by nitration. In both cases, the presence of proline did not diminish the peroxynitrite effects. Additionally, proline biosynthesis Arabidopsis knockout (KO) mutant plants of D(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase1 (P5CS1) gene, designated as Atp5cs1-1 and Atp5cs1-4, showed similar protein nitration levels as wild-type plants under salinity-induced oxidative stress, despite mutants having higher levels of lipid oxidation, H 2 O 2 and superoxide (O 2 Á -). Finally, by a fluorometric assay using specific fluorescent probes, it was determined that the presence of 100 mM proline did not affect the time-course content of peroxynitrite or nitric oxide generation in vitro. Our results reveal the relevance of proline accumulation in vivo under stress, but unequivocally demonstrate that proline is not a direct scavenger of peroxynitrite, superoxide, Á NO and nitrogen dioxide ( Á NO 2 ).

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Role of proline in cell wall synthesis and plant development and its implications in plant ontogeny

Cited by 233 publications

References 207 publications

Differential growth and yield responses of salt-tolerant and susceptible rice cultivars to individual (Na+ and Cl−) and additive stress effects of NaCl

Differential growth and yield responses of salt-tolerant and susceptible rice cultivars to individual (Na+ and Cl−) and additive stress effects of NaCl

Global DNA methylation variations after short-term heat shock treatment in cultured microspores of Brassica napus cv. Topas

In vivo and in vitro approaches demonstrate proline is not directly involved in the protection against superoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide and peroxynitrite

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