Role of Probiotics in Animal Nutrition

Abstract

Article HistoryThe anaerobic probiotic technology (ZAD) is a patented technique. The products are in two forms either liquid or powder. The powder products are coated so it can handle the pressure and the temperature of the extruders. They are fed as follows; 10 gm/head /day for large animals or 1 kg/ tone of fed (for ZADO). In case of Liquid (ZAD); it is fed 10 ml/head/day for large animals and 1.5 ml liter for poultry and rabbits. It decreases the aflatoxins less than 11% by inclusion rate of 7% of ZAD in 7 hours. They are helping the animals to cope with heat stress. Their ability to decrease the cholesterol and triglycerides are noticed by 21 and 19%, respectively. The birds and animal immunity is elevated too. Animal performances are improved in animals fed either form. Milk production increased in dairy cattle (1.5 kg/animal/day) and dairy buffaloes (1kg/head/day). The same trend was recorded for meat production in cattle, buffaloes, and sheep (220, 180 and 90 gm/head/day, respectively as an average daily gain). For poultry, it helped in decreasing the fattening period by 5 days. In fish, the final weight increased by 18%. For rabbits, it increased the milk production, decreased the mortality rate, increased the average daily gain, and improved all over physiological aspects of rabbits.Contribution/Originality: This study documents the impact of probiotics on the growth performances and nutritional aspects of dairy animals, poultry, rabbit, fish, and beef. The primary contribution of this review article is to analyze the influence of anaerobic probiotic technology on the performances and other physiological aspects of ruminant and non-ruminant animals.

Rabbit Growth, Carcass Characteristic, Digestion, Caecal Fermentation, Microflora, and Some Blood Biochemical Components Affected by Oral Administration of Anaerobic Probiotic (Zad®)

“…The concentration of acetic acid generated from the caecum content of rabbit's administration orally ZAD ® there were also higher numeric values for probiotics. This agreed with previous findings Gado et al (2017) who showed that inclusion of the ZADO ® treatment has been increased (P≤0.05) the rumen ammonia N and total VFA concentrations before and 3 h post-feeding.…”

“…The present results agree with experiments in pre-mature Hy-Plus rabbit reported by Gado and Salem (2014), where ZADO ® up to 5 g/kg diet has been inserted without weakening performance. Additionally, Gado et al (2017) confirmed that a mixture of enzymes obtained from anaerobic bacteria present in ZAD ® had a beneficial effect to converts the polysaccharide into monomers by the enzyme catalytic process in growing rabbits. Besides, Bhatt et al (2017) showed that supplementation in rabbit diets of probiotics (107 CFU/g concentrate) Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus increased (P≤0.05) the gain of weight (24.5 vs. 22.5 g/d) as compared with the control group.…”

“…The lowest digestibility of CF were in the rabbits not given probiotic ZAD ® as compared with rabbits supplemented with high doses of ZAD ® . However, ZAD ® is a mixture of enzymes obtained from anaerobic bacteria that had a beneficial impact on the digestibility of low quality roughages (Gado et al, 2017). Also, El-Hindawy et al (1993) found that addition probiotic Lacto-Sacc caused improvement in the digestibility of all the nutrients.…”

“…A large number of NGPs, including immune-boosters, probiotics, and prebiotics are currently available on the market. Under this point of view, the anaerobic probiotic technology (ZAD) ® may be a substitute for antibiotic growth promoters in the feeding idea (Gado et al, 2017). The ZAD® is a patented product manufactured by the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt and an enzyme biotechnology product from natural sources to raise the anaerobic bacteria cellulase enzymes levels that can transform polysaccharide by the enzyme catalytic process to monosaccharide.…”

“…The product is designed in form liquid to provide tools to improve the nutritional value of fibrous materials and to improve the overall digestion of animals. It includes the subsequent activity of enzymes such as 6.2 U/g hemicellulase and 8.2 U/g cellulose, as well as 12.3 U/g protease and 64.4 U/mg amylase (Gado et al, 2011, Gado and Salem, 2013and Gado et al, 2017, besides the anaerobic bacteria that create these enzymes (Abdel-Aziz et al, 2014, additionally, the patent number is 22155 (Gado, 1997).…”