Role of platelet-rich plasma in combination with alloplastic bone substitute in regeneration of osseous defects

Abstract

Introduction: Bone grafts are frequently used for the treatment of bone defects, but can cause postoperative complications, and sometimes a sufficient quantity of bone is not available. Hence, synthetic biomaterials have been used as an alternative to autogenous bone grafts. Recent clinical reports suggest that application of autologous blood plasma enriched with platelets can enhance the formation of new bone. There are very few in vitro or in vivo studies published on the efficiency of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the alloplastic bone substitute for its osteogenic potential with or without PRP.

Bone Substitute Versusstem Cells in Regeneration of Alveolar Bone Defects in Humans: Systematic Review.

“…Trials upon which this review is based might be useful to detect systematic adverse effects as the type of regenerated tissuesbut might be less advantageous as mentioned above.In contrast, in the 4 human clinical trials that met the eligibility criteria for this systematic review (Tables 1)and encompassed 71 adult subjectsin various clinical settings between January 1990 and April 2017, all the 4publications concluded thatthe use in stem cells or bone substitute for reconstruction of alveolar bone defect produced uncounted safety outcomes. (17,(57)(58)(59) The finding could be categorized in one or more ways: stem cells and bone substitute can be used for alveolar ridge reconstruction; dental pulp stem cells seeded on an appropriate scaffold as collagen can repair bone and produces an efficient biocomplex, tissue repair cells isolated from bone marrowaccelerated alveolar bone regeneration and reduced the need for secondary bone grafting at the time of dental implant placement and finallythe use of platelet rich plasma with autogenous or alloplastic bone substitute can accelerate vascularization of the graft, improves soft tissue healing, reduces postoperative morbidity and enhances bone regeneration. Besides, it improves handling of graft material particles and help to manage and packing it easily into the proposed graft site therefore, assisting maintenance of the space with rapidly bone regeneration.…”

Concise Review: The Use of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells and Platelet Rich Plasma in Regenerative Plastic Surgery

“…PRP was also reported to be effective in stopping capillary bleeding in the surgical flaps of a series of 20 patients undergoing various types of cosmetic surgery (face lift, breast size changes, or neck lifts) . The beneficial use of PRP have also been reported in patients affected by Romberg syndrome as well as in bone regeneration of intrabony defects . However, in attempts to regenerate damaged tissues, one has to keep in mind the risks that can be associated with use of factors that promote epithelial migration, angiogenesis and matrix deposition (e.g., recurrence, growth and invasion of a pre‐existing tumor).…”