Role of plant hormones in flowering and exogenous hormone application in fruit/nut trees: a review of pecans

Kaur, Amandeep; Maness, Niels O.; Ferguson, Louise; Deng, Wei; Zhang, Lu

doi:10.48130/frures-2021-0015

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In the present study, we observed the up-regulation of genes associated with the auxin signaling pathway. It is pertinent to mention here that auxin is known to control the initiation of flower primordial (Kaur et al 2021). Application of auxin in Arabidopsis increase H3K9ac (Antihistone 3 lysine 9 acetylation) at LFY and FIL (FILAMENTOUS FLOWER) loci which leads to mRNA accumulation of these genes and promotes floral primordium initiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of almond (Prunus dulcis) cultivars with differential flowering time

Mir,

Raina,

Sharma

et al. 2024

IJGPB

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Almond is one of the oldest and major tree nut crops consumed for its nutritious kernels. Since transcriptome analysis is crucial to identifying genes controlling important agronomic, an attempt was made for comparative transcriptomic analysis to identify the genetic differences in almond cultivars Waris and Ferralise, varying in blooming dates. Sequencing data from Illumina TruSeq libraries was processed using the FASTQC-Trimmomatic-HISAT2-Stringtie-Stringtie merge-DESeq2 pipeline. Overall alignment rates for different libraries ranged from 82.04-91.33%. DESeq2 analysis identified 3707 differentially expressed genes, out of which 1558 genes were up-regulated while the 2149 genes were down-regulated in Waris compared to Ferralise. Differential regulation of genes associated with the auxin signaling pathway, ubiquitin ligases, serine/threonine-protein phosphatases, proteasomes, translation initiation factors, phosphatidylinositol signaling and pentose phosphate pathway provides new insights into the molecular regulation of blooming in almonds. These findings will pave the way for molecularly differentiating early and late flowering almond cultivars and have implications in breeding late-blooming almond cultivars

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of almond (Prunus dulcis) cultivars with differential flowering time

Mir,

Raina,

Sharma

et al. 2024

IJGPB

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“…The effects of a NAA treatment on reproductive growth have been reported in fruit crops (Amrendra et al, 2016). In litchi, the rates of panicle emergence after a treatment with NAA concentrations of 15, 25, and 40 ppm increased compared to the control; however, the difference depended on the NAA concentration used (Braj and Satya, 2011;McArtney et al, 2013;Amrendra et al, 2016;Kaur et al, 2021). In 'Amrapali' mango cultivars, panicle malformation was reduced by up to 57.9% in mango trees treated with a NAA concentration of 200 ppm (Braj and Satya, 2011).…”

Section: Effects Of Naa On Panicle Development and Flowering Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aliyu 2011) reported that cashew cultivars treated with NAA bloomed earlier than a control. In addition, NAA can reduce alternate bearing (Kaur et al, 2021) and return to blooming by transiting vegetative buds to floral buds in apple cultivars (McArtney et al, 2013). Exogenous auxins, including NAA, can also substitute for endogenous auxins in the absence of appropriate activation at the tips of lateral organs (Benková et al, 2003;Jain and Khurana, 2009;Cheng et al, 2023).…”

Section: Effects Of Naa On Panicle Development and Flowering Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid on the Panicle and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Irwin’ Mango Trees

Chung,

Jang,

Lim

et al. 2023

HST

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Excessive vegetative growth of mangoes inhibits reproductive growth during greenhouse cultivation, resulting in a loss of fruit production. To investigate the effect of a 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) treatment, two concentrations (30 and 70 mg•L -1 ) were applied to the shoot apices of 'Irwin' mango cultivars. With changes in greenhouse temperatures, the characteristics of the reproductive organs were determined at BBCH (Biologische, Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, and Chemische Industrie) scales of 615 and 809. During flower bud initiation, the maximum temperature reached 35°C, and the minimum temperature dropped to 5°C; the daily difference ranged from 1.3 to 23.9°C. The NAA treatment induced increased panicle emergence rates and reduced panicle malformation. In the flowering pattern, the flowering time was reduced, especially with 70 mg•L -1 NAA. The relative panicle quality index indicated that trees treated with 30 mg•L -1 NAA had the highest value, followed by the control and those treated with 70 mg•L -1 NAA. Additionally, the NAA treatment significantly increased fruit diameters and weights compared to the control. However, firmness decreased after the NAA treatment. Overall, this study highlights the potential of a NAA treatment as a tool for improving the yield and quality of mango crops, particularly under challenging environmental conditions.

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“…Carbohydrate metabolism has an important role in the floral induction and flowering in plants ( Chen et al., 2018 ) and can enhance cold hardiness ( Morin et al., 2007 ). The concentration of carbohydrates has been reported to influence hormone signaling pathways, such as gibberellic acid in Arabidopsis and abscisic acid in walnut (Juglans sigillata), thereby potentially regulating flower induction ( Kanno et al., 2016 ; Lu et al., 2020 ; Kaur et al., 2021 ). High levels of carbohydrates before bud burst in spring are indeed associated with a higher yield in almond (Prunus dulcis), pistachio (Pistacia vera), and walnut ( Zwieniecki et al., 2022 ) and a heightened occurrence of secondary bud burst in cases where primary buds were damaged by spring freeze in pecan ( Zhang et al., 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dormant carbohydrate reserves enhance pecan tree spring freeze tolerance: controlled environment observations

Kaur,

Zhang,

Maness

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Pecan (Carya illinoensis), an economically important deciduous tree, bears commercially valuable nutritional nuts. Spring freezes in April can severely injure pecan buds, decreasing bloom, and fruit set. This study determined how low temperatures affect pecan buds/flowers at different growth stages in several pecan scion/rootstock combinations. This study focused on three pecan scion/rootstock combinations: Pawnee/Peruque (PP), Kanza/Giles (KG), and Maramec/Colby (MC), grown at the Cimarron Valley Research Station, Perkins, Oklahoma. Branches at three different growth stages, i.e., outer bud scale shed, one week after bud break, and early bloom stages were collected from PP, MC, and KG. Branches were held in a Conviron E8 freezing unit at 4 temperatures (-2, 0, 2, and 4°C) for 4 and 8 hours; A total of 8 treatments. One sample set was kept as an untreated control. After 2–3 weeks, branch samples from all the temperature treatments were observed and categorized into two groups. Group one with number of branches had healthy buds/formation of healthy leaves/flowers and group two with number of dead branches. The carbohydrate content reserved from dormant was analyzed using an Anthrone reagent. Visual observations and carbohydrate analyses revealed differences in damage and carbohydrate content among the scion/rootstock combinations, low-temperature treatments, and growth stages. The MC combination had minimum visual damage to leaves, buds, and flowers and significantly lower soluble sugars and starch in bark phloem as well as significantly lower soluble sugars in woody tissue xylem. The KG combination had maximum visual damage and significantly higher soluble sugars and starches in the bark, and soluble sugars in the woody tissues. These results indicate the MC combination is more tolerant to spring freeze damage at all three growth stages compared to the other two pecan scion/rootstock combinations. The results also demonstrate the MC combination is using more non-structural carbohydrates, soluble sugars and starches, suggesting this is a possible mechanism in its freeze tolerance.

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Role of plant hormones in flowering and exogenous hormone application in fruit/nut trees: a review of pecans

Cited by 7 publications

References 72 publications

Transcriptomic analysis of almond (Prunus dulcis) cultivars with differential flowering time

Transcriptomic analysis of almond (Prunus dulcis) cultivars with differential flowering time

Effects of 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid on the Panicle and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Irwin’ Mango Trees

Dormant carbohydrate reserves enhance pecan tree spring freeze tolerance: controlled environment observations

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