Role of Placental Glucose Transporters in Determining Fetal Growth

Joshi, Nikita; Mane, Aditi; Sahay, Akriti S; Sundrani, Deepali; Joshi, Sadhana; Yajnik, Chittaranjan S

doi:10.1007/s43032-021-00699-9

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Placental glucose metabolism Glucose is the main source of energy for both the placenta and the developing fetus in humans [35]. Because the fetus has a limited capacity for gluconeogenesis, it is almost entirely dependent on glucose transfer from the mother, as determined by placental glucose metabolism and transporter density [36]. Placental glucose metabolism not only involves anabolic processes, including glycogen and lipid synthesis from glucose, but also catabolic processes, including glycolysis to produce lactate and oxidative phosphorylation [35,37].…”

Section: ↓ ↑mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal obesity: new placental paradigms unfolded

Brombach

Tong

Giussani

2022

Trends in Molecular Medicine

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Section: ↓ ↑mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal obesity: new placental paradigms unfolded

Brombach

Tong

Giussani

2022

Trends in Molecular Medicine

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“…The healthy development of placental angiogenesis is essential for transporting nutrients from mother to fetus ( 46 ). In this experiment, VEGFA and NOS3, key angiogenesis factors ( 47 ), were expressed higher in the placenta of beef cows receiving high energy ration than in the LE cows, suggesting that placental angiogenesis may be enhanced by high energy ration. This effect of high energy diet contributes to promoting the transfer of nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, then improving the future growth and development of calves as it was been observed that VEGFA and NOS3 expressions were positively correlated with BW, ADG, serum GLU, and TP contents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…As an important energy source, GLU is essential for healthy growth of fetus. The transport of GLU in the placenta is regulated by facilitated diffusion through GLU transporters (e.g., GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4) ( 47 ). In our study, with the elevation of dietary energy levels, the mRNA expressions of GLUT1 and GLUT3 were significantly up-regulated, which indicated that calves in HE group could obtain more GLU to promote growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High energy diet of beef cows during gestation promoted growth performance of calves by improving placental nutrients transport

Kang

Zeng

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The aim of this study was to explore the effects of dietary energy level during gestation on growth performance and serum parameters in offspring using beef cattle as research objects. Additionally, the gene expressions associated with nutrients transport in the placenta were evaluated. Eighteen Simmental crossbred cows (body weight = 338.44 ± 16.03 kg and 760 ± 6 days of age) were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatment groups: low energy (LE, metabolic energy = 8.76 MJ/kg), medium (ME, 9.47 MJ/kg) and high (HE, 10.18 MJ/kg). The dietary treatments were introduced from day 45 before expected date of parturition. The pre-experiment lasted for 15 days and formal experiment lasted for 30 days. Growth performance data and blood samples of calves were collected at birth and day 30 post-birth. The placental tissue was collected at parturition. The results indicated that the birth weight and average daily gain of calves in HE group were higher (P < 0.05) than those in LE group. After parturition, the serum contents of glucose, total protein, cortisol and leptin in neonatal calves were significantly increased (P < 0.05) with the elevation of dietary energy levels. At 30 days postpartum, the glucose, glutathione peroxidase, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1 and leptin concentrations of HE group were significantly increased (P < 0.05) as compared with LE group, while the serum amyloid protein A displayed an opposite trend between two groups. With the increase of dietary energy concentration, placental mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor A, glucose transporter 1 and 3 were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the amino acid transporter solute carrier family 38 member 1, hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 2, insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2 mRNA expressions of HE group were higher (P < 0.05) than those of LE and ME groups. In conclusion, the improved growth performance of calves from the high energy ration supplemented beef cows may be attributed to the increased placental nutrients transport, which may lead to the increased nutrient supply to the fetus.

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“…Glucose is the main energy substrate for fetal and placental growth. The fetus depends on maternal glucose availability, which is transported by placental GLUTs (Joshi et al, 2021). GLUT1 (Illsley, 2000) is the main placental glucose transporter, and although it is located primarily in the microvillous membrane (MVM), facing the maternal side of the placenta, the GLUT1 expression in the basal membrane (BM) facing the fetal capillaries is suggested as the rate limiting step for fetal glucose transfer (Jansson et al, 1993;James-Allan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Nutrient Transporters and Maternal Fatty Acids in SGA, AGA, and LGA Newborns From Mothers With and Without Obesity

Garcia-Santillan

Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy

Rodriguez-Saldaña

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Adverse environmental factors in early life result in fetal metabolic programming and increased risk of adult diseases. Birth weight is an indirect marker of the intrauterine environment, modulated by nutrient availability and placental transport capacity. However, studies of placental transporters in idiopathic birth weight alterations and in maternal obesity in relation to neonatal metabolic outcomes are scarce. We aimed to analyze the placental nutrient transporter protein expression in small (SGA, n = 14), adequate (AGA, n = 18), and large (LGA n = 10) gestational age term for newborns from healthy or obese mothers (LGA-OB, n = 9) and their association with maternal fatty acids, metabolic status, placental triglycerides, and neonatal outcomes. The transporter expression was determined by Western blot. The fatty acid profile was evaluated by gas chromatography, and placental triglycerides were quantified by an enzymatic colorimetric method. GLUT1 was higher in LGA and lower in SGA and positively correlated with maternal HbA1c and placental weight (PW). SNAT2 was lower in SGA, while SNAT4 was lower in LGA-OB. FATP1 was lower in SGA and higher in LGA. SNAT4 correlated negatively and FATP1 correlated positively with the PW and birth anthropometry (BA). Placental triglycerides were higher in LGA and LGA-OB and correlated with pregestational BMI, maternal insulin, and BA. Maternal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was higher in SGA, specifically in male placentas, correlating negatively with maternal triglycerides, PW, cord glucose, and abdominal perimeter. Palmitic acid (PA) correlated positively with FATP4 and cord insulin, linoleic acid correlated negatively with PA and maternal cholesterol, and arachidonic acid correlated inversely with maternal TG and directly with FATP4. Our study highlights the importance of placental programming in birth weight both in healthy and obese pregnancies.

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Role of Placental Glucose Transporters in Determining Fetal Growth

Cited by 17 publications

References 140 publications

Maternal obesity: new placental paradigms unfolded

Maternal obesity: new placental paradigms unfolded

High energy diet of beef cows during gestation promoted growth performance of calves by improving placental nutrients transport

Placental Nutrient Transporters and Maternal Fatty Acids in SGA, AGA, and LGA Newborns From Mothers With and Without Obesity

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