Role of Pigeons in the Transmission of Avian Avulavirus (Newcastle Disease-Genotype VIId) to Chickens

Ellakany, Hany F.; Elbestawy, Ahmed R.; El-Hamid, Hatem S. Abd; Zedan, Rasha E.; Gado, Ahmed R.; Taha, Ayman E.; Soliman, Mohamed A.; El‐Hack, Mohamed E. Abd; Swelum, Ayman A.; Saadeldin, Islam M.; Hussein, Elsayed O.S.

doi:10.3390/ani9060338

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…The operation of agricultural enterprises is accompanied by feeding of wild birds, a large number of which can lead to significant economic losses and pose epizootiological threats (Chaplygina et al, 2019;Ferenczi et al, 2021;Velkers et al, 2021). The commonest of these bird species are pigeons (Ellakany et al, 2019;Giunchi et al, 2020). For any effective program to control endo-and ectoparasitoses of poultry, the collared dove should be prevented from approaching poultry houses, as they can share watering and feeding sites and be carriers of various diseases (Lucas et al, 2008;Mugale et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoparasitoses of the Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) on the northern Black Sea coast of Ukraine

et al. 2021

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One of the main tasks of ecological parasitology at the present stage is to determine patterns of spread of invasive diseases of poultry in the environment through a thorough epidemiological examination, as well as to determine the main directions and factors of spread of parasites in Ukraine. Some pigeon health problems can affect their populations, but parasitic infections play an important role. Our research found that 83.3% of Eurasian collared doves examined (Streptopelia decaocto) were affected by endoparasites. The commonest helminths were Raillietina spp. with the average invasion intensity of 4.9 ± 1.3 specimens/ind., Baruscapillaria spp. and Ascaridia columbae with an invasion intensity of 4.6 ± 1.5 and 3.7 ± 2.1 specimens/ind., respectively. The commonest cestodes were Raillietina spp. with the extent of invasion of 52.2% and Davainea proglottina – 6.7%. The Amoebotaenia cuneata cestodes were recorded in 3 (3.3%) doves, and Echinolepis carioca – only in 2 (2.2%) doves. Six doves (6.7%) were infected with the nematode Ascaridia columbae and 5 (5.6%) – Baruscapillaria spp. Eimerian oocysts were found in 9 (10%) collared doves, and Trichomonas gallinae was recorded in 15 (16.7%) birds. According to the results of helminthological autopsy and identification of the isolated pathogens, 8 varieties of mixinvasions were identified. In association with the Rayetins, there were the protozoa Eimeria spp. and Trichomonas gallinae and the nematode Ascaridia columbae. Two-component invasions were registered in 78.6% of doves, three-component infestations in 14.3% and four-component infestations in 7.1% of birds. Mixed infection with Raillietina spp. + Ascaridia columbae was found in the small intestine of Streptopelia decaocto, which was also pathomorphologically observed to have catarrhal-hemorrhagic enteritis, which was accompanied by the formation of a large number of spotted hemorrhages on the mucous membrane, and in the places of attachment of cestodes - necrotic-caseous areas. Temperature and other weather conditions such as humidity, precipitation, etc. of the northern Black Sea coast affect the population size of intermediate host cestodes. Continuous monitoring of invasive diseases of pigeons of different species will help to take the necessary preventive measures against endoparasitoses of birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoparasitoses of the Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) on the northern Black Sea coast of Ukraine

et al. 2021

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“…Two previously published papers showed the ability of pigeons and ducks in transmitting this virus to chickens. The first study by Ellakany et al [ 37 ] confirmed that in-contact chickens to infected pigeons developed severe respiratory, digestive and nervous signs and suffered from the mortality of 2/5 and 3/5 in the in-contact chickens to pigeons infected IM (intra-muscularly) and IN (intra-nasally) respectively. In-contact chickens to infected pigeons, either IM or IN showed high viral shedding titers in both oropharynx and cloaca up to 16 days post-exposure to the infected pigeons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis and pathogenicity of Avian Orthoavulavirus 1 strains isolated from poultry flocks during 2015–2019

et al. 2020

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Background: Newcastle disease (ND) causes severe economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. Egyptian poultry industry suffered from severe economic losses since the isolation of Velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) genotype VIId in 2011 and up till now despite the use of different vaccination programs. So, this study aimed to isolate and characterize the vNDV from a total of 120 poultry flocks from ten provinces in the Egyptian Delta region with a history of respiratory manifestation, high mortalities or a decrease in egg production between 2015 and 2019. Seventy-three samples' allantoic fluid (73/120, 60.8%) were positive for hemagglutination with chicken RBCs. These samples were submitted to molecular examination using qRT-PCR specific primers for AOAV-1, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI-H5), low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI-H9) and infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Results: Fifty samples (50/120: 41.6%) were confirmed positive for AOAV-1, based on genetic analysis of matrix and fusion protein. The co-infection rate of other respiratory viral diseases examined was 1.6, 14.1, and 4.1%, for HPAI-H5, LPAI-H9, and IBV, respectively. Biologically, the intracerebral pathogenicity index of ten selected AOAV-1 isolates ranged from 1.70 to 1.98, which indicated the velogenic nature of these isolates. All the sixteen sequenced isolates were AOAV-1 genotype VII.1.1. The full F gene sequence of six examined AOAV-1 VII.1.1 isolates contained the seven neutralizing epitopes, and the glycosylation motif of six-potential sites for N linked glycosylation at residues 85, 191, 366, 447, 471, and 541. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the high prevalence of AOAV-1 genotype VII.1.1 in the Egyptian chicken flocks despite the intensive vaccination with live and killed ND vaccines, as all the 16 isolates tested were belonged to this genotype. Homologous vaccination is badly needed to control and reduce the spread of AOAV-1 genotype VII.1.1infection in Egyptian poultry flocks.

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“…The IN-infected pigeons continued shedding the virus from the oropharynx at 4-16 dpi, while IM-infected pigeons had no oropharyngeal shedding at 11 dpi. Contact chickens had typical ND clinical picture, with mortalities of 40-60% and with higher virus shedding titers upon contact with IM-infected pigeons compared with IN-infected ones (134). It is worth mentioning that PPMV-1 strains could be isolated from the intestinal tract of infected pigeons suffering from greenish diarrhea.…”

Section: Migratory and Free Living Birdsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Unfortunately, pigeons are a high potential source of NDV spread at least to commercial/backyard poultry sector due to their migratory behavior, free-living system of rearing, close contact with other birds in or out LBMs, and reluctance of owners to vaccination. Despite being a carrier reservoir for NDV (134), NDV strains of chickens were more pathogenic and transmissible to chickens compared with those from pigeons (82). The NDV surveillance system in the pigeon is quite weak and does not reflect the actual situation.…”

Section: Sequence Phylogenetic and Deduced Amino Acid Analysis Sequence And Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Paramyxovirus Type 1 in Egypt: Epidemiology, Evolutionary Perspective, and Vaccine Approach

et al. 2021

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Avian orthoavulavirus 1, formerly known as avian paramyxovirus type-1 (APMV-1), infects more than 250 different species of birds. It causes a broad range of clinical diseases and results in devastating economic impact due to high morbidity and mortality in addition to trade restrictions. The ease of spread has allowed the virus to disseminate worldwide with subjective virulence, which depends on the virus strain and host species. The emergence of new virulent genotypes among global epizootics, including those from Egypt, illustrates the time-to-time genomic alterations that lead to simultaneous evolution of distinct APMV-1 genotypes at different geographic locations across the world. In Egypt, the Newcastle disease was firstly reported in 1947 and continued to occur, despite rigorous prophylactic vaccination, and remained a potential threat to commercial and backyard poultry production. Since 2005, many researchers have investigated the nature of APMV-1 in different outbreaks, as they found several APMV-1 genotypes circulating among various species. The unique intermingling of migratory, free-living, and domesticated birds besides the availability of frequently mobile wild birds in Egypt may facilitate the evolution power of APMV-1 in Egypt. Pigeons and waterfowls are of interest due to their inclusion in Egyptian poultry industry and their ability to spread the infection to other birds either by presence of different genotypes (as in pigeons) or by harboring a clinically silent disease (as in waterfowl). This review details (i) the genetic and pathobiologic features of APMV-1 infections in Egypt, (ii) the epidemiologic and evolutionary events in different avian species, and (iii) the vaccine applications and challenges in Egypt.

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Role of Pigeons in the Transmission of Avian Avulavirus (Newcastle Disease-Genotype VIId) to Chickens

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Endoparasitoses of the Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) on the northern Black Sea coast of Ukraine

Endoparasitoses of the Eurasian collared dove (Streptopelia decaocto) on the northern Black Sea coast of Ukraine

Sequence analysis and pathogenicity of Avian Orthoavulavirus 1 strains isolated from poultry flocks during 2015–2019

Avian Paramyxovirus Type 1 in Egypt: Epidemiology, Evolutionary Perspective, and Vaccine Approach

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