Role of PI3K, ERK1/2, and JAK2 Kinases in the Cardioprotective Effect of Deltorphin II during Cardiac Reperfusion

δ-Opioid Receptor as a Molecular Target for Increasing Cardiac Resistance to Reperfusion in Drug Development

“…It has been shown that the stimulation of both δ 1 -OR and δ 2 -OR before coronary artery occlusion increases the cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) [16][17][18]. It should be noted that Gross's group used the non-peptide δ 1 -OR agonist TAN-67 for the stimulation of δ 1 -OR at a dose of 10 mg/kg intravenously [18,19], which is apparently sufficient to stimulate the central δ 1 -OR. This group did not use naloxone methiodide, an OR blocker that does not cross the BBB, so it remains unclear whether peripheral or central ORs are involved in the infarct-reducing effect of TAN-67 [20,21].…”