Role of permanent host association with the Madagascar hissing-cockroach, Gromphadorhina portentosa, on the developmental water requirements of the mite, Gromphadorholaelaps schaeferi

Yoder, Jay A.; Hedges, Brian Z.; Benoit, Joshua B.; Keeney, George D.

doi:10.1007/s00360-009-0353-5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Dehydration tolerance was estimated as the percentage of total body water lost due to desiccation (until death) and was calculated by the formula: (wet body mass−body mass at death)/(wet body mass−dry body mass)×100 (Gibbs et al, 1997). For calculation of the rate of water loss in males and females of D. kikkawai, we followed Wharton's method (Wharton, 1985), modified by Benoit et al (Benoit et al, 2005) and Yoder et al (Yoder et al, 2009). Total body water content (m) was calculated as the difference between wet or fresh (M f ) and dry mass (M d ), i.e.…”

Section: Basic Measures Of Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific divergence for adaptations to dehydration stress in Drosophila kikkawai

Parkash

Ranga

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYSeveral studies on diverse Drosophila species have reported higher desiccation resistance of females, but the physiological basis of such sex-specific differences has received less attention. We tested whether sex-specific differences in cuticular traits (melanic females and non-melanic males) of Drosophila kikkawai correspond with divergence in their water balance mechanisms. Our results are interesting in several respects. First, positive clinal variation in desiccation resistance was correlated with cuticular melanisation in females but with changes in cuticular lipid mass in males, despite a lack of differences between the sexes for the rate of water loss. Second, a comparative analysis of water budget showed that females of the northern population stored more body water as well as hemolymph content and exhibited greater dehydration tolerance than flies from the southern tropics. In contrast, we found no geographical variation in the males for water content and dehydration tolerance. Third, an ~10-fold increase in the rate of water loss after organic solvent treatment of male D. kikkawai suggested a role of cuticular lipids in cuticular transpiration, but had no effect in the females. Fourth, geographical differences in the storage of carbohydrate content (metabolic fuel) were observed in females but not in males. Interestingly, in females, the rate of utilization of carbohydrates did not vary geographically, but males from drier localities showed a 50% reduction compared with wetter localities. Thus, body melanisation, increased body water, hemolymph, carbohydrate content and greater dehydration tolerance confer greater desiccation resistance in females, but a reduced rate of water loss is the only possible mechanism to cope with drought stress in males. Finally, acclimated females showed a significant increase in drought resistance associated with higher trehalose content as well as dehydration tolerance, while males showed no acclimation response. Thus, sex-specific differences in desiccation resistance of D. kikkawai are associated with divergence in some water balance strategies, despite a lack of differences in the rate of water loss between the two sexes.

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Section: Basic Measures Of Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific divergence for adaptations to dehydration stress in Drosophila kikkawai

Parkash

Ranga

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…For calculation of the rate of water loss in D. hydei and D. repleta, we followed the method of WHARTON (1985), modified by BENOIT et al (2005) andYODER et al (2009). Total body water content (m) was calculated as the difference between wet or fresh (f) and dry mass (d), i.e.…”

Section: Basic Measures Of Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration tolerance: a mode of adaptation in two relatedDrosophilaspecies of the repleta subgroup from western Himalayas

Ramniwas

Kajla

2013

Ethology Ecology & Evolution

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Drosophila hydei is more abundant under colder and drier montane habitats in the western Himalayas as compared to Drosophila repleta, but the mechanistic basis of such climatic adaptation is largely unknown. In this study of two closely related Drosophila species, D. hydei and D. repleta, we examined the role of dehydration tolerance on survival under desiccating conditions. Water loss before succumbing to death (dehydration tolerance) is much higher in D. hydei (~74%) than D. repleta (~48%). Total surface lipids and percent melanisation did not differ significantly in these two species. Thus, species-specific water loss tolerance capacities are significantly correlated with varying levels of desiccation resistance. Patterns of rate of water loss do not account for contrasting levels of desiccation resistance in these two species. These differences in dehydration tolerance impact desiccation resistance and might explain their distribution pattern -why D. hydei is more abundant than D. repleta in dry habitats or during dry periods.

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“…For calculation of the rate of water loss in D. nepalensis and D. takahashii, we followed method of Wharton (Wharton, 1985), modified by Benoit et al (Benoit et al, 2005) and Yoder et al (Yoder et al, 2009). Total body water content (m) was calculated as the difference between wet or fresh (f) and dry mass (d), i.e.…”

Section: Basic Measures Of Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence of desiccation-related traits in two Drosophila species of the takahashii subgroup from the western Himalayas

Parkash

Ramniwas

Kajla

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYDrosophila nepalensis is more abundant under colder and drier montane habitats in the western Himalayas compared with Drosophila takahashii, but the mechanistic basis of such a climatic adaptation is largely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that divergence in the physiological basis of desiccation-related traits is consistent with species-specific adaptations to climatic conditions. Drosophila nepalensis showed approximately twofold higher desiccation resistance, hemolymph content as well as carbohydrate content than D. takahashii despite a modest difference in rate of water loss (0.3%h -1 ). Water loss before succumbing to death (dehydration tolerance) was much higher in D. nepalensis (82.32%) than in D. takahashii (~50%). A greater loss of hemolymph water under desiccation stress until death is associated with higher desiccation resistance in D. nepalensis. In both species, carbohydrates were utilized under desiccation stress, but a higher level of stored carbohydrates was evident in D. nepalensis. Further, we found increased desiccation resistance in D. nepalensis through acclimation whereas D. takahashii lacked such a response. Thus, species-specific divergence in water-balance-related traits in these species is consistent with their adaptations to wet and dry habitats.

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Role of permanent host association with the Madagascar hissing-cockroach, Gromphadorhina portentosa, on the developmental water requirements of the mite, Gromphadorholaelaps schaeferi

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Sex-specific divergence for adaptations to dehydration stress in Drosophila kikkawai

Sex-specific divergence for adaptations to dehydration stress in Drosophila kikkawai

Dehydration tolerance: a mode of adaptation in two relatedDrosophilaspecies of the repleta subgroup from western Himalayas

Divergence of desiccation-related traits in two Drosophila species of the takahashii subgroup from the western Himalayas

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