Role of Periostin in Adhesion and Migration of Bone Remodeling Cells

Abstract

Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein highly expressed in collagen-rich tissues subjected to continuous mechanical stress. Functionally, periostin is involved in tissue remodeling and its altered function is associated to numerous pathological processes. In orthodontics, periostin plays key roles in the maintenance of dental tissues and it is mainly expressed in those areas where tension or pressing forces are taking place. In this regard, high expression of periostin is essential to promote migration and proliferation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. However little is known about the participation of periostin in migration and adhesion processes of bone remodeling cells. In this work we employ the mouse pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 and the macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cell lines to overexpress periostin and perform different cell-based assays to study changes in cell behavior. Our data indicate that periostin overexpression not only increases adhesion capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells to different matrix proteins but also hampers their migratory capacity. Changes on RNA expression profile of MC3T3-E1 cells upon periostin overexpression have been also analyzed, highlighting the alteration of genes implicated in processes such as cell migration, adhesion or bone metabolism but not in bone differentiation. Overall, our work provides new evidence on the impact of periostin in osteoblasts physiology.

Influence of Mechanical Force on Bone Matrix Proteins in Ovariectomised Mice and Osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 Cells

“…It is known that the activity of osteocytes and osteoblasts are affected by mechanical stimulation (39,40). Therefore, we observed the influence of a mechanical load in vitro as demonstrated by periostin and semaphorin-3A levels in the osteoblast-like cell line, MC3T3-E1.…”

Distinct expression pattern of periostin splice variants in chondrocytes and ligament progenitor cells

“…These findings are in line with many other studies that reported increase in cell adhesion following overexpression of POSTN. Overexpression of POSTN in a mouse osteoblast precursor cell line (MC3T3-E1) resulted in increased adhesion of these cells (43). Because cell adhesion is also mediated by E-cadherin, knockdown of the latter results in impaired cell adhesion (44).…”

Osteopontin Promotes Bone Destruction in Periapical Periodontitis by Activating the NF-κB Pathway

“…When the Opn gene was knocked out in mice, the expression of CD44 in their osteoclasts was significantly reduced [31,32]. In the process of bone remodeling, osteoblasts produce the OPN stored in the bone matrix [9,30,33]. When the bone is absorbed, OPN is released from the bone matrix and adheres to osteoblasts.…”

“…Many studies have examined the role of cytokines in pathogenesis at the periapical circumference [9,10], but there has been little research into the role of OPN in periapical periodontitis. In the present study, we investigated the function of OPN and analyzed the relationship between OPN and chronic periapical periodontitis.…”