Role of particle size in microwave processing of metallic material systems

Sharma, Apurbba Kumar; Mishra, Radha Raman

doi:10.1080/02670836.2017.1412043

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…These parameters are resistivity and magnetic permeability of the material, which depend on temperature. 24, 25…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These parameters are resistivity and magnetic permeability of the material, which depend on temperature. 24,25 In this experimental investigation, experiments were conducted in a microwave applicator and exposed at 900 W power and 2.45 GHz frequency in atmospheric conditions. During microwave exposure, Ni powder particles start to absorb microwaves and get melted at high temperature, which occurred due to the assistance of the susceptor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On microstructural and mechanical properties of 21-4-N nitronic steel joint developed using microwave energy

Bhandari

Gupta

Mishra

et al. 2021

Journal of Micromanufacturing

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In the current experimental work, an effort has been made to explore the feasibility of fusion joints of 21-4-N nitronic steel employing microwave heating. These fusion joints were developed inside a domestic microwave applicator operating at 900 W. Microwave energy was used to fabricate the joints in hybrid heating mode by converting electromagnetic energy into heat at 2.45 GHz. Charcoal and SiC plates were used as susceptor and separator, respectively, and nickel powder was used as the interface material. The developed joints were characterized for their microstructural and mechanical properties. The microstructures indicate a complete fusion of nickel interfacing powder with the faying surfaces. XRD results show the formation of metallic nitrides and carbide phases (Cr2N, Fe3N, and Fe2C) and the FeNi phase at the weld zone. Furthermore, the observed average tensile strength of the fusion joints was approximately 61% of base metal. The reduction in the stress and elongation compared to the base metal were 38.67% and 12.68%, respectively. The average microhardness of the microwave joints was monitored as 407 ± 69.27 HV. The results indicate the feasibility of fusion joints of nitronic steel using microwave energy.

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“…These parameters are resistivity and magnetic permeability of the material, which depend on temperature. 24, 25…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On microstructural and mechanical properties of 21-4-N nitronic steel joint developed using microwave energy

Bhandari

Gupta

Mishra

et al. 2021

Journal of Micromanufacturing

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This results in minimizing the exposure time, complete diffusion and lesser area of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) [32]. The absorption rate of microwave radiation will be higher if the skin depth is higher as it allows microwaves to penetrate through it [31,[33][34][35][36]. Moreover, the dielectric properties of the material also define skin depth value [37].…”

Section: Heating Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of mechanical properties of microwave welded SS304-SS202 lap joints

Samyal¹,

Bedi²,

Bagha³

2023

Phys. Scr.

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The joint between dissimilar materials is always challenging to develop through traditional techniques due to the different properties of the parent materials. However, a novel non-traditional route of joining similar and dissimilar materials through energy conversion and absorption has been developed called SMHH (selective microwave hybrid heating). It has gained much attention due to its unique heating abilities. In the present work, the lap joint between SS202-SS304 is developed through SMHH placing nickel powder as an interlayer. The lap joint was characterized mechanically through shear tests and microhardness. Since the sheared area of the joint is large, it is challenging to achieve a good joint. Thus, to develop a solid joint, laser surface texturing (LST) was introduced to the joining surfaces, and the joints were characterized. After LST was introduced, a fully diffused joint interlayer region was observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The EDS results confirmed the complete metallurgical bonding occurred by the diffusion of elements across the weld zone. From the XRD spectrum, the formation of intermetallic compounds like FeNi, FeNi3, C3Fe7, and M23C6 were identified at the joint region. The mean microhardness of 355±10 HV was determined at the joint region of lap joints with LST. A lap joint with LST exhibits 217 MPa of shear strength, which is significantly higher than the joints without LST. Fractography of the shear failure specimens pointed out that partial heating of the interlayer caused incomplete bonding of the base metal and interlayer for without LST lap joints. However, mixed mode failure of SS202 near the overlap region of the LST lap joint occurred. It is concluded that the addition of LST on the lap joint has made a colossal impact on enhancing joint strength and intermetallic bonding.

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“…To improve these properties, Maxwell [6] was the first who proposed the idea of dispersion of micro-sized particles in the conventional base fluids. But, there were some drawbacks of micro-sized particles such as clogging, sedimentation, and blocking of nano-sized channels as these were big in size [7]. Therefore, there was a need to minimize the size of the particles, and to overcome this issue, Choi and Eastman [8] in 1995 introduced the idea of dispersion of nano-sized particles in the base fluids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical insights of fractal–fractional modeling of magnetohydrodynamic Casson hybrid nanofluid with heat transfer enhancement

Ahmad,

Crisci,

Murtaza

et al. 2024

Math Methods in App Sciences

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Fractional calculus expands the idea of differentiation to fractional/non‐integer orders of the derivatives. It includes the memory‐dependent and non‐local system's behaviors while fractal–fractional derivatives is the generalization of fractional‐order derivatives which refers to a combination of fractional calculus and fractal geometry. In this article, we have considered the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid through a vertical open channel with the effect of viscous dissipation and Newtonian heating. The problem is modeled in terms of non‐linear and coupled integer‐order PDEs which is further generalized through fractal–fractional derivative of power law kernel. Due to non‐linearity and complexities, we have adopted the numerical procedure as it is used when the analytical solutions of PDEs are frequently difficult or impossible for complicated situations. We have established the numerical algorithms for both the classical and fractal–fractional‐order model and compared the results. The existence and uniqueness of the model's solution has been shown theoretically. The effect of various embedded parameters on the heat transfer and fluid flow has been simulated and presented through various figures while skin friction and Nusselt number are tabulated. The effect of fractional and fractal parameter is also shown. As the present model is taken for the hybrid nanofluid flow and for the heat transfer applications, we have considered mineral transformer oil as a base fluid while titania and cadmium telluride nanoparticles are dispersed in it. From the results, it is observed that hybrid nanofluid have a better heat transfer enhancement up to 19.71% while the unitary nanofluids are only capable to enhance the heat transfer up to 9%.

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Role of particle size in microwave processing of metallic material systems

Cited by 40 publications

References 116 publications

On microstructural and mechanical properties of 21-4-N nitronic steel joint developed using microwave energy

On microstructural and mechanical properties of 21-4-N nitronic steel joint developed using microwave energy

Investigation of mechanical properties of microwave welded SS304-SS202 lap joints

Numerical insights of fractal–fractional modeling of magnetohydrodynamic Casson hybrid nanofluid with heat transfer enhancement

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