Role of oxidants and antioxidants in female reproduction

Agarwal, Ashok; Tadros, Hanna J.; Tvrdá, Eva

doi:10.1002/9781118832431.ch16

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Such compromise could occur either due to the deficiency of specific enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants that help to scavenge ROS throughout the female reproductive tract. 60,61 The CCs undergo cytodifferentiation, proliferation, and expansion and are important during early oocyte growth and development, maturation, ovulation, and fertilization. 2,[62][63][64] Most infertility disorders are associated with decline in CC number, spindle abnormalities, and an altered cumulus oocyte association, leading to poor oocyte quality, as well as poor reproductive outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Defensive Role of Cumulus Cells againstReactive Oxygen Species Insult in Metaphase II Mouse Oocytes

Shaeib¹,

Khan²,

Ali³

et al. 2014

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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We investigated the ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), hydroxyl radical ( Á OH), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), to overcome the defensive capacity of cumulus cells and elucidate the mechanism through which ROS differentially deteriorate oocyte quality. Metaphase II mouse oocytes with (n ¼ 1634) and without cumulus cells (n ¼ 1633) were treated with increasing concentration of ROS, and the deterioration in oocyte quality was assessed by the changes in the microtubule morphology and chromosomal alignment. Oocyte and cumulus cell viability and cumulus cell number were assessed by indirect immunofluorescence, staining of gap junction protein, and trypan blue staining. The treated oocytes showed decreased quality as a function of increasing concentrations of ROS when compared to controls. Cumulus cells show protection against H 2 O 2 and Á OH insult at lower concentrations, but this protection was lost at higher concentrations (>50 mmol/L). At higher H 2 O 2 concentrations, treatment dramatically influenced the cumulus cell number and viability with resulting reduction in the antioxidant capacity making the oocyte more susceptible to oxidative damage. However, cumulus cells offered no significant protection against HOCl at any concentration used. In all circumstances in which cumulus cells did not offer protection to the oocyte, both cumulus cell number and viability were decreased. Therefore, the deterioration in oocyte quality may be caused by one or more of the following: a decrease in the antioxidant machinery by the loss of cumulus cells, the lack of scavengers for specific ROS, and/or the ability of the ROS to overcome these defenses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Defensive Role of Cumulus Cells againstReactive Oxygen Species Insult in Metaphase II Mouse Oocytes

Shaeib¹,

Khan²,

Ali³

et al. 2014

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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“…Approximately 15-20 % of couples of reproductive age are infertile, which can be attributed equally to both male and female factors [1]. Amenorrhea is one of the major causes of female infertility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human infertility has received a great deal of interest from the scientists and medical practitioners, which lead into the development of newer therapeutic approaches to treat infertility with antioxidants [1]. Coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10), also known as ubiquinone for its presence in all body cells and as an essential part of the cell energy-producing system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ubiquinol on Serum Reproductive Hormones of Amenorrhic Patients

Thakur¹,

Littaru

Funahashi

et al. 2015

Ind J Clin Biochem

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In neuroendocrine system the increase in oxidative status is produced by a glucocorticoid-dependent and transcriptional increase in pro-oxidative drive, with concurrent inhibition of the antioxidant defense system, ultimately leading to increased neuronal cell death. Functional hypothalamic disturbances and neuroendocirne aberrations have both short and long term consequences for reproductive health. Understandably, an impaired or diminished hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis leads to anovulation and hypoestrogenism. Anovulation is directly linked to the neurohormonal and hormonal background of Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea. Impairment of pulsatile Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone secretion causes the impairment of pulsatile Lutenizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) secretion. The importance of oxidative stress in various pituitary disorders suggesting a possible clinical usefulness of antioxidant molecules like the lipophilic antioxidant Ubiquinol. Coenzyme Q10 or Ubiquinol is an essential part of the cell energy-producing system of mitochondria. However, it is also a powerful lipophilic antioxidant, protecting lipoproteins and cell membranes from autooxidation. Due to these unique actions Ubiquinol is used in clinical practice as an antioxidants for neurodegenerative diseases. So to identify the role of Ubiquinol on reproductive hormones FSH and LH, we have included 50 infertile patients of age group of 20-40, which are mostly amenorrhic. Out of 50 only 30 patients were in continuous follow up after supplementing them with 150 mg of Ubiquinol every day for 4 months. The hormonal levels were estimated by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay technique at follicular phase. The result suggests that FSH concentration is increased up to three times (from 3.10 ± 2.70 to 10.09 ± 6.93) but remains within the normal limit (P \ 0.05). LH values were found doubled (P \ 0.05) than its normal range (from 14.83 ± 10.48 to 27.85 ± 22.30). The Prolactin values were decreased while Progesterone values were high but not in the significant range (P [ 0.05). The supplementation of 150 mg of Ubiquinol may reduce the oxidative stress in neuroendocrine system which further improves the function of diminished HPA axis. Hence increased level of FSH and LH may be due to reduced oxidative stress by Ubiquinol.

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