Role of Osteocyte-PDL Crosstalk in Tooth Movement via SOST/Sclerostin

Odagaki, Naoya; Ishihara, Yoshihito; Wang, Z.; Hlaing, Ei Ei; Nakamura, Michio; Hoshijima, Mitsuhiro; Hayano, Satoru; Kawanabe, Noriaki; Kamioka, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.odw.2019.09.002

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, taking into account the bone crest as a parameter, bone loss was therefore greater in the group with highest discrepancy (0.7‐mm hyperocclusion group). Bone is a dynamic tissue, which is maintained by a balance between neoformation and resorption processes 29 . However, when such balance is disrupted, periodontal breakdown occurs, leading to progressive attachment loss and bone destruction 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occlusion Heightened by Metal Crown Cementation is Aggressive for Periodontal Tissues

Abdalla

Clemente‐Napimoga

Trindade‐da‐Silva

et al. 2020

Journal of Prosthodontics

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Purpose To investigate the effect of experimental traumatic occlusion (ETO) induced by metal crowns on alveolar bone loss. Materials and Methods Metal crowns were custom‐made for the lower first molars with occlusal discrepancy of 0.4 and 0.7 mm from the maximum intercuspation. Thirty‐six animals were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12 animals per group): 0.4‐mm hyperocclusion group, 0.7‐mm hyperocclusion group and the sham group (no metal crown). Twenty‐eight days after crown cementation, the animals were euthanized and gingival tissue was collected to assess cytokine levels of IL‐17, IL‐6, and TNF‐α using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Mandibles were stained with 1% methylene blue and alveolar bone levels were quantified. Western blotting was used to quantify the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B (RANK), and its ligand (RANKL), secreted osteoclastogenic factor of activated T cells (SOFAT) and TNF‐α‐converting enzyme (TACE). Also, mandibles were histologically processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, from which the presence of osteoclast‐like cells, multinucleated cells containing ≥3 nuclei was counted at 100× magnification. The data were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results Experimental occlusal trauma for 28 consecutive days significantly increased alveolar bone loss and multinucleated cell counts (p < 0.05). RANK, RANKL, SOFAT, TACE, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were significantly higher in gingival tissues of ETO groups (p < 0.05). IL‐17 titers were unchanged among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Experimental traumatic occlusion activates and sustains bone resorption pathways in the periodontium inducing alveolar bone resorption. As the intensity of occlusal trauma increased, alternative osteoclastic pathways were activated, such as TACE and SOFAT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occlusion Heightened by Metal Crown Cementation is Aggressive for Periodontal Tissues

Abdalla

Clemente‐Napimoga

Trindade‐da‐Silva

et al. 2020

Journal of Prosthodontics

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“…As mentioned before, sclerostin secreted by PDL cells and osteocytes is involved in alveolar bone remodeling induced by mechanical stimulation, which indicates sclerostin is likely a key factor during the orthodontic tooth movement processes. As the tooth shifts under orthodontic force, sclerostin expression in PDL cells is increased on both the compressed and tensile sides with no significant difference [82,83]. The increase in sclerostin in PDL cells in response to compressed force contributes to the Sost upregulation in osteocytes, as shown in an osteocyte-PDL coculture system [83].…”

Section: Sclerostin In Orthodontic Tooth Movementmentioning

confidence: 95%

"Sclerostin in Oral Tissues: Distribution, Biological Functions and Potential Therapeutic Role"

Han

2020

OAJBS

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Sclerostin is a well-known osteogenic negative regulator whose biological functions have been widely studied in bone homeostasis. Targeting sclerostin via monoclonal antibodies was shown to be a powerful strategy for bone-related diseases. Traditionally, sclerostin was known as an osteocyte-specific glycoprotein. However, in recent studies, it has been shown that in addition to osteocytes, there are other cell types in oral tissues that can produce sclerostin. Sclerostin regulates the formation of dental and periodontal structures and is also involved in various physiological and pathological events in oral tissues. Thus, sclerostin modulation has been determined as a possible treatment strategy for periodontium-related diseases. To develop the therapeutic potential of sclerostin and its antibodies in the field of dentistry, researchers must clearly understand the functions of sclerostin in oral tissues. In this review, we highlight the existing awareness of sclerostin's functions in oral tissues; the roles it plays in dental and periodontal diseases and treatments; and the therapeutic potential of sclerostin and its antibodies for oral applications.

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“…We will briefly examine two which we believe have considerable promise: schlerostin 3 and regulatory extracellular vesicles (EVs). 4 The osteocyte protein sclerostin 5,6,7 is vital in bone remodelling and starts a process that inhibits the osteoblastic lineage from forming As our understanding of biological factors affecting relapse improves, we may be able to harness this knowledge to improve stability after orthodontic treatment.…”

Section: Biological Approaches On the Horizonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While sclerostin is mostly thought of as a regulatory molecule originating from osteocytes, studies show that sclerostin is also produced by cells of the PDL, particularly on the compression side, presumably to enable resorption. 7 Variations in sclerostin levels in the PDL and alveolar housing are associated with tooth movement. Romosozumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody against sclerostin, reduces sclerostin activity (and thus increases bone formation) and is used for the treatment of osteoporosis.…”

Section: Biological Approaches On the Horizonmentioning

confidence: 99%