Role of Oleic Acid in the Gut-Liver Axis: From Diet to the Regulation of Its Synthesis via Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1)

Piccinin, Elena; Cariello, Marica; Santis, Stefania De; Ducheix, Simon; Sabbá, Carlo; Ntambi, James M.; Moschetta, Antonio

doi:10.3390/nu11102283

Cited by 98 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Although this hypothesis seems weak based on the expected and obtained results for C:10D and C:12D, combined genomic and proteomic studies, such as the study of Li et al, are essential to improve our knowledge of fatty acid production in BSF 31 . Following this synthesis, C16:0 will be elongated to form longer-chain fatty acids (as C18:0D via the fatty acid elongase 6 /ELOVL 6 32 ), desaturated to generate unsaturated fatty acids or used for the synthesis of storage lipids 27 . The occurrence of C10 to C14 fatty acids can be explained by the action of an additional cytosolic thioesterase (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

About lipid metabolism in Hermetia illucens (L. 1758): on the origin of fatty acids in prepupae

Hoc

Genva

Fauconnier

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Although increasingly targeted in animal nutrition, black soldier fly larvae or prepupae (BSF, Hermetia illucens L. 1758) require the characterization and modulation of their fatty acid profile to become fully integrated within the feed sector. This improvement will only be possible by the understanding of underlaying biochemical pathways of fatty acid synthesis in BSF. In this study, we hypothesized a labelling of de novo synthesized fatty acids in BSF by the incorporation of deuterated water (D 2 O) in their feed. Three batches of fifty larvae were reared on two diets with different polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles moistened with 40% of H 2 O or D 2 O: chicken feed or 40% of chicken feed and 60% of flax cake. Although the occurrence of D 2 O in insect feed increased the larval development time and decreased prepupal weight, it was possible to track the biosynthesis of fatty acids through deuterium labelling. Some fatty acids (decanoic, lauric or myristic acid) were exclusively present in their deuterated form while others (palmitic, palmitoleic or oleic acid) were found in two forms (deuterated or not) indicating that BSF can partially produce these fatty acids via biosynthesis pathways and not only by bioaccumulation from the diet. These results suggest the importance of carbohydrates as a source of acetyl-CoA in the constitution of the BSF fatty acid profile but also the potential importance of specific enzymes (e.g. thioesterase II or Δ12 fat2 desaturase) in BSF fatty acid metabolism. Finally, nearly no deuterated polyunsaturated fatty acids were found in BSF fed with deuterium confirming that BSF is not able to produce these types of fatty acids. Despite the high levels of linolenic acid in flax-enriched diets, BSF will simply bioaccumulate around 13% of this fatty acid and will metabolize approximately two-thirds of it into saturated fatty acids as lauric or myristic acid. Insects are increasingly identified as an environmentally sustainable source of proteins and lipids for food and feed but also for pharmaceutical or biodiesel applications 1-3. While yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor L. 1758) appears to be the preferred model in human nutrition for environmental, nutritional and acceptability considerations 4-6 , larvae or prepupae of black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens L. 1758) emerges by their ability to develop rapidly and extensively on a wide range of decomposing material for the feed sector 7-9. Although possessing unquestionable nutritional qualities 9,10 , the incorporation of BSF into animal feed is still limited by several factors including their high lipid content (till approximately 40%) and their unbalanced fatty acid profile 10,11. As BSF fatty acid profile is known to be related with the one of their diet, several experiments have tried to manipulate their fatty acid profile with enriched feed formulation 8,12-14. By analysing the fatty acid profiles in BSF fed with different diets, it appeared that BSF larvae contain a high level of saturated fatty acids (SFAs, lauric acid...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

About lipid metabolism in Hermetia illucens (L. 1758): on the origin of fatty acids in prepupae

Hoc

Genva

Fauconnier

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Stearic acid and oleic acid in dairy products could be derived from the feed intake, the body fat mobilization, or by the hydrogenation processes that occur in the rumen [44]. Oleic acid, particularly, is known to have positive effects on human health, mainly toward the digestive and cardiovascular systems and the inflammatory response, and it seems to play a pivotal role in the management of the oxidative stress and in the development of the nervous system [45]. Thus, in dairy products, it is considered advisable to keep the oleic acid/stearic acid proportion as high as possible, in order to improve the nutritional characteristics of milk and related products [44].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Quality Attributes of Fresh and Semi-Hard Goat Cheese from Low- and High-Input Farming Systems

Lopez

Vasconi

Battini

et al. 2020

Animals

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In this study, we investigated the lipid composition of fresh and semi-hard goat cheese produced in three Italian farms as well as the welfare assessment of goats reared in these farms. The fatty acid (FA) profile of cheese samples were found to be strictly related to the livestock system. Cheese collected from farms in which goats were allowed to graze and were fed diets with a higher forage/concentrate (F/C) ratio showed a FA profile represented by higher contents of health-promoting fatty acids. In the same samples, the health lipid indices showed the most favorable values. Conversely, cheese samples collected from a conventional-lowland farm, where goats were fed with higher amounts of concentrates and lower F/C ratio, presented a lower nutritional quality, characterized by the worst results for what concerns the health lipid indices. Then, we built a multivariate model able to discriminate samples coming from farms managed by a low-input system from those coming from farm managed by a high-input system. The comparison of animal welfare measurements and fatty acids data showed that a better intrinsic quality of low-input farms did not always correspond to better extrinsic quality, suggesting that the information on the livestock system is not always enough to provide consumers with complete awareness of the total product quality.

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“…The principal MUFA in olive oil is oleic acid (18:1 n-9), which account for up to 83% of the total lipid composition. Oleic acid plays a protective effect against the onset of several diseases, including liver dysfunction and gut inflammation [31]. Indeed, the supplementation of oleic acid in mice presenting with increased expression of inflammatory markers and crypt proliferative genes has been proven to be beneficial by decreasing intestinal inflammation and CRC progression [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extra-Virgin Olive Oil from Apulian Cultivars and Intestinal Inflammation

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial intestinal disorder characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. The etiology of IBD is still unclear, although genetic, environmental and host factors have been associated to the disease. Extra-virgin olive oil (EVO) is a central component of the Mediterranean diet and it decreases chronic inflammation by interfering with arachidonic acid and NF-κB signaling pathways. Specifically, the different components of EVO are able to confer advantages in terms of health in their site of action. For instance, oleic acid displays a protective effect in liver dysfunction and gut inflammation, whereas phenolic compounds protect colon cells against oxidative damage and improve the symptoms of chronic inflammation in IBD. Given the biological properties of EVO, we investigated whether its administration is able to confer protection in a mouse model of dextrane sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Four EVO cultivars from the Apulian Region of Italy, namely Ogliarola (Cima di Bitonto), Coratina, Peranzana and Cima di Mola, respectively, were used. Administration of EVO resulted in reduced body weight loss in our colitis model. Furthermore, mice treated with Ogliarola, Coratina and Cima di Mola EVO displayed a reduction of rectal bleeding and IL-1β, TGFβ, IL-6 gene expression levels. Furthermore, Ogliarola, Coratina and Peranzana EVO administration ameliorated intestinal permeability and histopathological features of inflammation. Our data further validate the well-known positive effects of EVO supplementation in promoting human health and suggest the bona fide contribution of EVO in preventing onset and reducing progression of intestinal inflammation.

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Role of Oleic Acid in the Gut-Liver Axis: From Diet to the Regulation of Its Synthesis via Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1)

Cited by 98 publications

References 145 publications

About lipid metabolism in Hermetia illucens (L. 1758): on the origin of fatty acids in prepupae

About lipid metabolism in Hermetia illucens (L. 1758): on the origin of fatty acids in prepupae

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Quality Attributes of Fresh and Semi-Hard Goat Cheese from Low- and High-Input Farming Systems

Extra-Virgin Olive Oil from Apulian Cultivars and Intestinal Inflammation

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