Role of nutrition in patients with coexisting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sarcopenia

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the elderly population and is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow obstruction. During COPD progression, a variety of pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications develop, with sarcopenia being one of the most common extrapulmonary complications. Factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of coexisting COPD and sarcopenia include systemic inflammation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, oxidative stress, protein metabolic imbalance, and myocyte mitochondrial dysfunction. These factors, individually or in concert, affect muscle function, resulting in decreased muscle mass and strength. The occurrence of sarcopenia severely affects the quality of life of patients with COPD, resulting in increased readmission rates, longer hospital admission, and higher mortality. In recent years, studies have found that oral supplementation with protein, micronutrients, fat, or a combination of nutritional supplements can improve the muscle strength and physical performance of these patients; some studies have also elucidated the possible underlying mechanisms. This review aimed to elucidate the role of nutrition among patients with coexisting COPD and sarcopenia.

Unveiling the Knowledge Frontier: A Scientometric Analysis of COPD with Sarcopenia

“…Studies indicate that interventions such as multistrain probiotics or oral protein supplements can enhance muscle strength and physical abilities in COPD patients with sarcopenia. 24,25 Notably, sport science and rehabilitation contribute 5.94% to total publications, underscoring their therapeutic potential against COPD with sarcopenia. 26,27 Furthermore, various categories, including multidisciplinary science and neuroscience, highlight the intricate associations of COPD with sarcopenia with other diseases emphasizing the necessity for comprehensive treatment strategies.…”

“…Oral supplementation with protein, micronutrients, fat, or a combination thereof has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing muscle strength and physical performance in these individuals. 25,86 While vitamin D has received more attention in the context of bone health, the role of vitamin K, often overlooked, presents a potential link between COPD, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia, with associations noted in cross-sectional studies. 87 Muscle dysfunction and wasting stand out as prominent extra-pulmonary effects of COPD.…”