Role of non-timber forest products in the economy of peripheral communities of knuckles national wilderness area of Sri Lanka: A farming systems approach

Commercialisation of non-timber forest products: review and analysis of research

“…The author also finds that poor households are more dependent on environmental resources than rich ones, so that environmental income brings about a 30% reduction in measured inequality as well. Gunatilake et al (1993), in a study more detailed and comprehensive than most in its estimation of NTFP income, similarly find that subsistence use of NTFP is very important to the household. The study estimates the composition of income in communities peripheral to the newly created Knuckles National Wilderness Area of Sri Lanka.…”

“…A study of the economics of NTFP extraction in three districts of Nepal found that the poorer households and those living nearer the forests were relatively more dependent on economic support from NTFP collection (Karki 1995). Some of the clearest evidence for the relative dependence of the poor on NTFPs comes from work that estimated the composition of income in communities peripheral to the newly created Knuckles National Wilderness Area of Sri Lanka (Gunatilake et al 1993). Data were collected using structured questionnaires from 60 households in three villages in the vicinity of the forest.…”

The Contribution of Forest Products to Dryland Household Economy: The case of Kiang’ombe hill forest, Kenya

“…This has been described well by Godoy et al (1993) and Gunatilake et al (1993). It uses some characteristics of marketed products to estimate the prices of similar NTFPs.…”

Income is not enough: the effect of economic incentives on forest product conservation: a comparison of forest communities dependent on the agroforests of Krui, Sumatra and natural dipterocarp forests of Kayan Mentarang, East Kalimantan

“…Both have been overlooked in much of the current NTFP literature. Instead, there has been a tendency to explain or predict people's conservation actions as the net present monetary value of the returns to land or labour (Caldicott 1988;Peters et al 1989;Hecht 1992;Gunatilake et al 1993;Godoy et al 1995;Melnyk and Bell 1996). Although a single dollar figure has the power of simplicity, it can be an oversimplification of the many factors influencing people's economic decisions.…”