Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in<i>Bifidobacterium longum</i>-regulated visceral hypersensitivity of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome

Gu, Qiaoyan; Zhang, Jun; Feng, Yue

doi:10.3109/21691401.2015.1111238

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, both NLRP-3 and caspase-1 were significantly more expressed in the terminal ileal tissues of mice with PI-IBS from Trichinella spiralis compared with normal control mice. Elevated expression of IL-1β and IL-18 was also documented in PI-IBS mice [ 144 ]. Additional studies are required in order to elucidate the possible role of inflammasomes in IBS pathogenesis.…”

Section: Innate Immune Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current insights into the innate immune system dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome

Lazaridis

2018

aog

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder associated with abdominal pain and alterations in bowel habits. The presence of IBS greatly impairs patients’ quality of life and imposes a high economic burden on the community; thus, there is intense pressure to reveal its elusive pathogenesis. Many etiological mechanisms have been implicated, but the pathophysiology of the syndrome remains unclear. As a result, novel drug development has been slow and no pharmacological intervention is universally accepted. A growing evidence implicates the role of low-grade inflammation and innate immune system dysfunction, although contradictory results have frequently been presented. Mast cells (MC), eosinophils and other key immune cells together with their mediators seem to play an important role, at least in subgroups of IBS patients. Cytokine imbalance in the systematic circulation and in the intestinal mucosa may also characterize IBS presentation. Toll-like receptors and their emerging role in pathogen recognition have also been highlighted recently, as dysregulation has been reported to occur in patients with IBS. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the involvement of any immunological alteration in the development of IBS. There is substantial evidence to support innate immune system dysfunction in several IBS phenotypes, but additional studies are required to better clarify the underlying pathogenetic pathways. IBS heterogeneity could potentially be attributed to multiple causes that lead to different disease phenotypes, thus explaining the variability found between study results.

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Section: Innate Immune Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current insights into the innate immune system dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome

Lazaridis

2018

aog

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“…The gut microbiota is a synergistic community composed of trillions of microorganisms living within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) important for health through mineral absorption, vitamin synthesis, breakdown of toxins and the extraction of nutrients and energy from foods. Imbalances in the microbiota composition and their metabolites (dysbiosis) aggravate several diseases including diabetes, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, colon cancer and inflammaging [1][2][3][4]. Due to this, many efforts have been made to design probiotic and prebiotic regimes that favourably alter the gut microbiota to support a healthy host; however due to the heterogeneousity of probitotics, an all-exclusive formulation remains to be established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel polyphenolic prebiotic and probiotic formulation have synergistic effects on the gut microbiota influencing Drosophila melanogaster physiology

Westfall

Lomis

Prakash

2018

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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The gut microbiota is a vast community of synergistic bacterial species providing health benefits to the host. Imbalances in the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) due to diet, antibiotic use, age and stress contribute to disease development including diabetes, obesity, colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, inflammaging and neurodegeneration. Fortunately, a probiotic regime with a diet rich in prebiotics may reverse dysbiosis promoting health and wellness in age. The current study designs, optimizes and tests a novel probiotic and synbiotic formulation consisting of three metabolically active probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum and Bifidobacteria infantis together with a novel polyphenol-rich prebiotic, Triphala. The prebiotic action of Triphala was characterized using in vitro batch cultures, Drosophila melanogaster and a simulated model of the human gastrointestinal tract (SHIME) where in each model, Triphala supported growth of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting pathogenic species. Neither Triphala at 0.5% w/v nor the individual probiotics at 5.0 × 10 to 7.5 × 10 CFU/ml demonstrated toxicity in Drosophila. Interestingly, motility was combinatorially enhanced by the probiotic and synbiotic formulations reflecting the beneficial variations in the gut microbiota. Altogether, the present study shows that probiotics and synbiotics in combination are more effective at modulating the gut microbiota and eliciting biological effects than their components.

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“…Ait‐Belgnaoui et al 48 found that Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus helveticus synergistically suppress stress‐related visceral hypersensitivity through hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis modulation. Gu et al 49 pointed out that B. longum might reduce IL‐18 and IL‐1β expressions by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome to reduce the visceral hypersensitivity of PI‐IBS. In this study, the bifidobacteria in the control group accounted for 2.8%, which was significantly higher than that of spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency group and liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency group; furthermore, the Bifidobacterium ratio of liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency group is higher than spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of intestinal flora of IBS‐D with different syndromes

Chao

Zhang

2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Objective To study the distribution of fecal microbiota in diarrhea‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS‐D) patients of spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency and liver depression and spleen deficiency, to make an objective foundation for dialectics of different type of IBS‐D. And to provide the clinical doctors an experimental basis for medication by regulating dysbacteriosis. Methods We collected feces from the control group, spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency IBS‐D group, and liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency IBS‐D group. After the extraction of fecal DNA, global DNA was isolated from every sample, and 16S ribosomal RNA was sequenced, and then we analyzed the results for bacteria such as Alpha diversity, community composition, LEfSe, and partial least squares discriminant analysis. Results We compared the changes among the fecal bacteria in the intestine of the IBS‐D patients and healthy controls and found the specificity of spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency syndrome and liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency syndrome. The control group has the highest flora diversity (control group > liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency > spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency group). The control group, spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency group, and liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency group are different in phylum (Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria), class (Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria), order (Enterobacteriales, Bifidobacteriales, Fusobacteriales), and family (Bifidobacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Acidaminococcaceae, Veillonellaceae, Fusobacteriaceae). Bifidobacteriaceae and Ruminococcaceae in the control group, Enterobacteriales, Fusobacteriales, Acidaminococcaceae, and Phascolarctobacterium in the spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency group, and streptococcus are the specific bacteria in the liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency group. Intestinal flora disturbance is closely related to IBS‐D. Conclusions There is a correlation between traditional Chinese medicine syndrome type and intestinal flora. The control group, the spleen–kidney‐yang deficiency group, and the liver‐depression and spleen‐deficiency group have specific bacteria.

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Role of NLRP3 inflammasome inBifidobacterium longum-regulated visceral hypersensitivity of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Current insights into the innate immune system dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome

Current insights into the innate immune system dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome

A novel polyphenolic prebiotic and probiotic formulation have synergistic effects on the gut microbiota influencing Drosophila melanogaster physiology

The characteristics of intestinal flora of IBS‐D with different syndromes

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