Role of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by multi-articular, symmetrical and invasive arthritis resulting from immune system abnormalities involving T and B lymphocytes. Although significant progress has been made in the understanding of RA pathogenesis, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Recent studies suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome, a regulator of inflammation, might play an important role in the development of RA. There have been increasing clinical and pre-clinical evidence showing the treatment of NLRP3/IL-1β in inflammatory diseases. To provide a foundation for the development of therapeutic strategies, we will briefly summarize the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in RA and explore its potential clinical treatment.

Electroacupuncture ameliorates knee osteoarthritis in rats via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing pyroptosis

“…In the previous results, we identified many inflammatory factors that accumulate at the bone joint in the pathogenesis of KOA. Since there is increasing evidence that NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in a large number of inflammatory diseases, 28 , 29 we speculated whether the inflammatory factors that accumulate in the bone tissue can cause pyroptosis and whether EA can alleviate pyroptosis. We can still visualize that in the Immunohistochemistry results ( Figure 5 ), the NLRP3 inflammasome and related proteins (ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18) in the KOA group showed significantly higher expression of protein-positive cells and heavier staining in the same field of view compared to the control group.…”

Anethole mitigates H2O2‐induced inflammation in HIG‐82 synoviocytes by suppressing the aquaporin 1 expression and activating the protein kinase A pathway

“…42 In the context of the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases, prior studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in facilitating the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including the generation of ROS. 43 Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome leads to ROS production, which in turn triggers an inflammatory response. The involvement of ROS in promoting inflammation through the NLRP3 inflammasome has been established in previous research.…”

“…The involvement of ROS in promoting inflammation through the NLRP3 inflammasome has been established in previous research. 43 However, following anethole treatment, this H 2 O 2induced inflammatory response was notably attenuated, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of anethole primarily involves the suppression of inflammation, chiefly by modulating the production and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.…”

Wedelolactone ameliorates synovial inflammation and cardiac complications in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome activation

“…Collagen type II is known to induce the activation of NLRP3, as demonstrated by up-regulated NLRP3 and cleaved-caspase-1 expression in the joints of CIA mice as well as increased serum pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 levels [41]. Activated NLRP3 inflammasome has been observed in synovial tissues of RA patients and CIA mice [17,42]. Negative regulation of NLRP3 leads to the reduction of downstream pro-inflammatory cytokine release, which promotes cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation [43,44].…”