Role of Nitrogen and Its Agricultural Management in Changing Environment

Fagodiya, Ram Kishor; Kumar, Amit; Kumari, Shilpi; Medhi, Kristina; Shabnam, Aftab A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41552-5_12

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Nitrate mostly occurs in groundwater due to anthropogenic activities and exists in small amounts in surface water. Rainfall, lighting, industrial effluents, decomposition of organic compounds, and fertilizers are the major nitrate sources on the earth's surface 48 , 49 , which leach into groundwater and contaminate aquifers. High levels of nitrate can create enteric infections 50 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

Ahmad

Iqbal

Nasir

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, electric conductivity (EC), turbidity, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48–62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

Ahmad

Iqbal

Nasir

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…It is important to note that although the crop N supply mainly depends on the N requirement of the crop, climatic, and environmental factors can play an important role in influencing NUE (Sharma and Bali, 2018). The amount of applied N that will be taken up by crops or lost from the soil-plant system depends not only on the soil (texture, pH, and moisture content) and the available water (amount, salinity) but also the atmospheric factors, such as temperature, rainfall, and wind speed (Cameron et al, 2013;Fagodiya et al, 2020). Timing of rainfall and irrigation are key factors in determining NUE (Abebe and Feyisa, 2017).…”

Section: Agronomic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Environmental Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural and Environmental Science in India

Móring

Hooda

Raghuram

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In the last six decades, the consumption of reactive nitrogen (Nr) in the form of fertilizer in India has been growing rapidly, whilst the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of cropping systems has been decreasing. These trends have led to increasing environmental losses of Nr, threatening the quality of air, soils, and fresh waters, and thereby endangering climate-stability, ecosystems, and human-health. Since it has been suggested that the fertilizer consumption of India may double by 2050, there is an urgent need for scientific research to support better nitrogen management in Indian agriculture. In order to share knowledge and to develop a joint vision, experts from the UK and India came together for a conference and workshop on “Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Nitrogen Science in India.” The meeting concluded with three core messages: (1) Soil stewardship is essential and legumes need to be planted in rotation with cereals to increase nitrogen fixation in areas of limited Nr availability. Synthetic symbioses and plastidic nitrogen fixation are possibly disruptive technologies, but their potential and implications must be considered. (2) Genetic diversity of crops and new technologies need to be shared and exploited to reduce N losses and support productive, sustainable agriculture livelihoods. (3) The use of leaf color sensing shows great potential to reduce nitrogen fertilizer use (by 10–15%). This, together with the usage of urease inhibitors in neem-coated urea, and better management of manure, urine, and crop residues, could result in a 20–25% improvement in NUE of India by 2030.

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“…Nitrate mostly occurs in groundwater due to anthropogenic activities and exists in small amounts in surface water. Rainfall, lighting, industrial effluents, decomposition of organic compounds, and fertilizers are the major nitrate sources on the earth's surface (Fagodiya et al 2020), which leach into groundwater and contaminate aquifers. High levels of nitrate can create enteric infections (Ward et al 2018).…”

Section: Analysis Of Groundwater Quality Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Spatio-Temporal change in landuse/landcover on Groundwater Quality and Human Health; A case study of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Ahmad¹,

Iqbal²,

Mj³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The quality and quantity of groundwater resources are affected by landuse/landcover (LULC) dynamics, particularly the increasing urbanization coupled with high household wastewater discharge and decreasing open lands. This study evaluates temporal changes of groundwater quality for 2012 and 2019, its relation to Landuse/landcover, and its impact on Peshawar's residents (study area), Pakistan. A total of 105 and 112 groundwater samples were collected from tube wells in 2012 and 2019. Samples were then analyzed for seven standard water quality parameters (i.e., pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Chloride, Calcium, Magnesium, and Nitrate). Patient data for waterborne diseases were also collected for the years 2012 and 2019 to relate the impact of groundwater quality on human health. Landsat satellite images were classified for the years 2012 and 2019 to observe Landuse/landcover dynamics concerning groundwater quality. Results manifested a decrease in groundwater quality for the year 2019 compared to 2012 and were more highlighted in highly populated areas. The nitrate concentration level was found high in the vicinity of agricultural areas due to the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers and pesticides, and thus the methemoglobinemia patients ratio increased by 14% (48- 62% for the year 2012 and 2019, respectively). Besides, Urinary Tract Infections, Peptic Ulcer, and Dental Caries diseases increased due to the high calcium and magnesium concentration. The overall results indicate that anthropogenic activities were the main driver of Spatio-temporal variability in groundwater quality of the study area. The study could help district health administration understand groundwater quality trends, make appropriate site-specific policies, and formulate future health regulations.

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Role of Nitrogen and Its Agricultural Management in Changing Environment

Cited by 8 publications

References 95 publications

Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

Impact of land use/land cover changes on water quality and human health in district Peshawar Pakistan

Nitrogen Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural and Environmental Science in India

Impact of Spatio-Temporal change in landuse/landcover on Groundwater Quality and Human Health; A case study of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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