Role of Napping for Learning Across the Lifespan

Jones, Bethany J.; Spencer, Rebecca M. C.

doi:10.1007/s40675-020-00193-9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…While a recent study found comparable benefits of prior knowledge on sleep-dependent memory consolidation in children [ 59 ], our findings in adolescents should not be generalized, until further research is extended to other age groups [ 60 ]. Moreover, only C3 and C4 electrodes were used in this study, which may have limited the detection of slow spindles with predominant topographical distribution in the frontal regions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A sleep schedule incorporating naps benefits the transformation of hierarchical knowledge

Golkashani

Leong

Ghorbani

et al. 2022

Sleep

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Study Objectives The learning brain establishes schemas (knowledge structures) that benefit subsequent learning. We investigated how sleep and having a schema might benefit initial learning followed by rearranged and expanded memoranda. We concurrently examined the contributions of sleep spindles and slow wave sleep to learning outcomes. Methods 53 adolescents were randomly assigned to an 8h Nap schedule (6.5h nocturnal sleep with a 90-minute daytime nap) or an 8h No-Nap, nocturnal-only sleep schedule. The study spanned 14 nights, simulating successive school weeks. We utilized a transitive inference task involving hierarchically ordered faces. Initial learning to set up the schema was followed by rearrangement of the hierarchy (accommodation) and hierarchy expansion (assimilation). The expanded sequence was restudied. Recall of hierarchical knowledge was tested after initial learning and at multiple points for all subsequent phases. As a control, both groups underwent a No-schema condition where the hierarchy was introduced and modified without opportunity to set up a schema. EEG accompanied the multiple sleep opportunities. Results There were main effects of Nap schedule and Schema condition evidenced by superior recall of initial learning, reordered and expanded memoranda. Improved recall was consistently associated with higher fast spindle density but not slow-wave measures. This was true for both nocturnal sleep and daytime naps. Conclusion A sleep schedule incorporating regular nap opportunities compared to one that only had nocturnal sleep benefited building of robust and flexible schemas, facilitating recall of the subsequently rearranged and expanded structured knowledge. These benefits appear to be strongly associated with fast spindles.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

A sleep schedule incorporating naps benefits the transformation of hierarchical knowledge

Golkashani

Leong

Ghorbani

et al. 2022

Sleep

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“…Daytime napping has been reported as beneficial for napping on acute cognitive performance, mood, and alertness ( 33 , 34 ). Midday naps also offer a variety of benefits: memory consolidation ( 35 ), preparation for subsequent learning ( 36 ), executive functioning enhancement ( 37 ), and a boost in emotional stability ( 38 ). More specifically, a 20-min nap has been shown to be long enough to lead to benefits ( 39 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of sleep behaviors, insulin resistance surrogates, and the risk of hypertension in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Yao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate the association between midday napping, combined sleep quality, and insulin resistance surrogates and the risk of hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsData were collected using a standardized questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of hypertension. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were grouped as categorical variables and unpaired two-sided Student’s t-test and Spearman correlation analysis were performed to estimate the association between different blood pressure levels and insulin resistance surrogates.ResultsThe overall prevalence rate of hypertension was 50%. Age (OR = 1.056, 95% CI:1.044–1.068), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.959, 95% CI:1.393–2.755), hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.821, 95% CI:1.462–2.369), family history of hypertension (OR = 2.811, 95% CI:2.261–3.495), and obesity (OR = 5.515, 95% CI:1.384–21.971) were significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Midday napping for 1–30 min was negatively correlated with the risk of hypertension (OR = 0.534, 95% CI:0.305–0.936, P <0.05).ConclusionPoor sleep quality and obesity are independent risk factors for hypertension. Midday napping (1–30 min) is associated with a decreased risk of hypertension in patients with T2DM.

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“…Additionally, from a research perspective, a nap paradigm (i.e., comparing afternoon wake to afternoon sleep bouts) is commonly used to study sleep function as it controls for circadian confounds. We have reported that naps are a microcosm of overnight sleep with regard to ageing-related changes in sleep architecture (Jones & Spencer, 2020;Mantua & Spencer, 2017). Thus, an additional goal of the present study was to understand whether this is true for the topography and neural generators of nap sleep microstructure as well.…”

Section: Using Naps To Disentangle Sleep From Sleep Pressure and Circadian Timingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Ageing‐related changes in nap neuroscillatory activity are mediated and moderated by grey matter volume

Fitzroy

Kainec

Spencer

2021

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Ageing-related changes in grey matter result in changes in the intensity and topography of sleep neural activity. However, it is unclear whether these findings can be explained by ageing-related differences in sleep pressure or circadian influence. The current study used high-density electroencephalography to assess how grey matter volume differences between young and older adults mediate and moderate neuroscillatory activity differences during a midday nap following a motor sequencing task. Delta, theta, and sigma amplitude were reduced in older relative to young adults, especially over frontocentral scalp, leading to increases in relative delta frontality and relative sigma lateral centroposteriority. Delta reductions in older adults were mediated by grey matter loss in frontal medial cortex, primary motor cortex, thalamus, caudate, putamen, and pallidum, and were moderated by putamen grey matter volume.

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Role of Napping for Learning Across the Lifespan

Cited by 7 publications

References 103 publications

A sleep schedule incorporating naps benefits the transformation of hierarchical knowledge

A sleep schedule incorporating naps benefits the transformation of hierarchical knowledge

Association of sleep behaviors, insulin resistance surrogates, and the risk of hypertension in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ageing‐related changes in nap neuroscillatory activity are mediated and moderated by grey matter volume

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