Role of Nanoscale Hydroxyapatite in Disease Suppression of Fusarium-Infected Tomato

Abstract

The present study investigated the mechanisms by which large-and small-sized nanoscale hydroxyapatite (nHA) suppressed Fusarium-induced wilt disease in tomato. Both nHA sizes at 9.3 mg/L (low) and 46.5 mg/L (high dose) phosphorus (P) were foliar-sprayed on Fusarium-infected tomato leaf surfaces three times. Diseased shoot mass was increased by 40% upon exposure to the low dose of large-sized nHA compared to disease controls. Exposure to both nHA sizes significantly elevated phenylalanine ammonialyase activity and total phenolic content in Fusarium-infected shoots by 30−80% and 40−68%, respectively. Shoot salicylic acid content was also increased by 10−45%, suggesting the potential relationship between antioxidant and phytohormone pathways in nHA-promoted defense against fungal infection. Exposure to the high dose of both nHA sizes increased the root P content by 27−46%. A constrained analysis of principal coordinates suggests that high dose of both nHA sizes significantly altered the fatty acid profile in diseased tomato. Particularly, the diseased root C18:3 content was increased by 28−31% in the large-sized nHA treatments, indicating that nHA remodeled the cell membrane as part of defense against Fusarium infection. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the important role of nHA in promoting disease suppression for the sustainable use of nHA in nanoenabled agriculture.

Uptake and Benefits of Biogenic Phosphorus Nanomaterials Applied via Fertigation to Japonica Rice (Taipei 309) in Low- and High-Calcareous Soil Conditions

“…This data supports the increased plant growth and development as reported in earlier sections on the application of nHAPs and nP. Although different from the present study, in another study with nHAPs, it had been shown that the application of nHAP ameliorates stress in Fusarium infested tomato plants . This supports our observation on inertness of nHAPs and nP on rice plants.…”

Iron-Carbon Nanofibers Coated with Acylated Homoserine Lactone Enhance Plant Growth and Suppress Fusarium Wilt Disease in Cicer arietinum by Modulating Soil Microbiome

“…Lycopersici in tomatoes, in a concentration- and size-dependent manner . In another study, Ma et al designed nanoscale hydroxyapatite (nHA) that suppressed the Fusarium-induced wilt disease in tomatoes . The study showed that the exposure of plants to nHA triggered the silicic acid-mediated defense phytohormone pathway, which then controlled the fungal infection .…”

Foliar Application with Iron Oxide Nanomaterials Stimulate Nitrogen Fixation, Yield, and Nutritional Quality of Soybean

“…Maximum crop production is known to be confounded by soil nutrient deficiencies . Globally, 30% of the cultivated soils are iron (Fe) deficient, where the plant available Fe content (not exceeding 10 –10 M) can be up to 4 orders of magnitude below that needed for optimal plant growth (10 –6 –10 –4 M). − For example, Atencio et al (2021) reported that Fe deficiency induced 24% yield loss of soybean in the Upper Midwest, United States .…”