Role of Mycobactin in the Growth and Virulence of Tubercle Bacilli

Golden, Carole A.; Kochan, Ivan; Spriggs, Dale R.

doi:10.1128/iai.9.1.34-40.1974

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Experiments in our laboratory have shown that siderophores do not remove iron from Tr but form Tr-iron-siderophore complexes, which are used much more efficiently by virulent than by avirulent bacteria (14,15). In addition, results of our investigation demonstrated that virulent bacteria grow in serum not because they are prolific in the production of siderophores but because they possess outer membrane-associated siderophores which bind Tr-iron to bacterial cells (4,15). VOL.…”

Section: Oor-4week Immune Micementioning

confidence: 69%

“…Occasionally, the ability of bacteria to acquire iron in animals has been associated with bacterial virulence. An important role in this acquisition of iron was ascribed to the activity of extracellular (20) or outer membrane-associated siderophores (4). Research with highly virulent bacteria showed that the acquisition of iron in serum depends upon the presence of several factors in the outer membrane of the gram-negative bacterial cell.…”

Section: Oor-4week Immune Micementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent findings in our laboratory showed that highly virulent bacteria can grow in animals' sera because they can acquire iron from Tr. This acquisition of Trbound iron was attributed to the activity of siderophores, lipopolysaccharides, and specific siderophore-iron receptors present in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacterial cells (4,14,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Injected Iron and Siderophores on Infections in Normal and Immune Mice

1978

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The fate of virulent and avirulent strains of Salmonella typhimurium in untreated and iron-injected mice and in transferrin-containing media demonstrated a direct relationship between bacterial virulence and the ability of bacteria to acquire transferrin-bound iron. Effects of injected iron on the development of infections with virulent and avirulent bacterial strains were determined in normal and immune mice by determinations of bacterial numbers in tissue homogenates and the mortality of infected animals. Results showed that infected and ironinjected mice died much more rapidly and frequently from overwhelming infections than infected and saline-injected mice. The infection-promoting effect of iron varied with the degree of bacterial virulence; the more virulent the bacteria, the more helpful was iron for the development of lethal infections. Siderophores promoted lethal infections in mice infected with virulent but not with avirulent bacteria. Experiments with vaccinated animals showed that iron exerted a deleterious effect on acquired immunity. Immune mice infected with virulent bacteria and injected with iron developed lethal infections as rapidly and nearly as frequently as similarly treated normal mice. Siderophores did not promote the development of lethal infections in immune mice. The effectiveness of iron, but not of siderophores, to promote bacterial infections in vaccinated mice revealed that acquired immunity is dependent upon the activity of an iron-neutralizable antibacterial system.

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Section: Oor-4week Immune Micementioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Oor-4week Immune Micementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Injected Iron and Siderophores on Infections in Normal and Immune Mice

1978

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“…Several mycobacterial components such as cord factor (4), sulfatides (10, 13), cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (22), mycobactin (7), mycoside C (5), attenuation indicator lipid (11), phthiocerol dimycocerosate (11,20), and poly-Lglutamic acid (31) have been described in connection with the pathogenicity of mycobacteria. The amounts of poly-L-glutamic acid in cell walls of M. tuberculosis (4-8% of the cell wall), BCG (0-2%), and M. smegmatis (0%) were reported by Phiet et al (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lysozyme on Mycobacteria

Kanetsuna

1980

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Golden et al demonstrated that the growth of tubercle bacilli on iron-void media was enhanced with substantial levels of iron-containing ferritin. Also, ferritin neutralized serum tuberculostasis (7).…”

Section: Infect Immunmentioning

confidence: 92%

Inhibition of the growth of Neisseria meningitidis by reduced ferritin and other iron-binding agents

Calver¹,

Kenny²,

Kushner³

1979

Infect Immun

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Serogroups of N. meningitidis were characterized as virulent or avirulent according to their capacity to establish meningococcal infection in mice. An agar plate diffusion technique demonstrated that iron had a definite growth-supporting role for both of these meningococcal types. The avirulent strains could use ionic or chelated iron as well as the virulent strains. Iron-reversible growth inhibition occurred to the same extent for both bacterial types in the presence of the synthetic iron-chelating agents Desferal and ethylenediamine-di-orthohydroxy phenylacetic acid. A difference in response was demonstrated for these bacterial types when grown in the presence of various iron-binding proteins from animal body fluids and tissues. The growth of the avirulent strain was inhibited to a greater degree by egg white conalbumin. The humoral iron-binding protein transferrin showed a significant inhibitory capacity only when used in conjunction with bicarbonate. Under conditions of increased iron saturation of this protein, the avirulent strain was inhibited to the furthest extent. In the presence of ferritin, the cellular iron-binding protein, which had been reduced, inhibition of the growth of either strain type did not occur on iron-poor media (less than 5 micrograms/100 ml). However, with the incorporation of iron into the media, the inhibitory effect of the protein became evident. As the concentration of iron increased, the inhibition increased to a certain level and subsequently declined. A substantial difference in the ability of the avirulent type to grow in the presence of reduced horse spleen ferritin was observed. For this microorganism, a correlation appears to exist between the capacity to grow by utilizing the available iron in the presence of reduced ferritin and the ability to establish infection. The host protein ferritin, in the reduced state, apart from simply being a storage protein for iron, can prevent the growth of a procaryotic organism. Our experiments suggest a role for ferritin in the prevention of emningococcal disease. A cehmotherapeutic potential for Desferal is also implied.

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Role of Mycobactin in the Growth and Virulence of Tubercle Bacilli

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of Injected Iron and Siderophores on Infections in Normal and Immune Mice

Effects of Injected Iron and Siderophores on Infections in Normal and Immune Mice

Effect of Lysozyme on Mycobacteria

Inhibition of the growth of Neisseria meningitidis by reduced ferritin and other iron-binding agents

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