Role of Molecular Imaging with PET/MR Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Brain Tumors

Borja, Austin J; Saini, Jitender; Raynor, William; Ayubcha, Cyrus; Werner, Thomas; Alavi, Abass; Revheim, Mona-Elisabeth; Nagaraj, Chandana

doi:10.1016/j.cpet.2022.03.002

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…For example, in distinguishing between HGG and PCNSL, the quantitative analysis of the tumor uptake of 18 F-FDG and of the peritumoral non-uptake region combined with conventional MRI analysis has proven to be superior to the single imaging technique [67] (Table 1). Hybrid PET/MRI may, therefore, enable the simultaneous and non-invasive assessment of morphological, functional and metabolic parameters within the brain [95]. Further, the use of radiolabeled amino acids such as 11 C-MET and 18 F-FET can give indications not only on areas of increased proliferative metabolism but also on areas of pseudoprogression, which often represent a diagnostic problem in the follow-up of treated patients [96][97][98][99].…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated

Frosina

2024

Cancers

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The first half of 2022 saw the publication of several major research advances in image-based models and artificial intelligence applications to optimize treatment strategies for high-grade gliomas, the deadliest brain tumors. We review them and discuss the barriers that delay their entry into clinical practice; particularly, the small sample size and the heterogeneity of the study designs and methodologies used. We will also write about the poor and late palliation that patients suffering from high-grade glioma can count on at the end of life, as well as the current legislative instruments, with particular reference to Italy. We suggest measures to accelerate the gradual progress in image-based models and end of life care for patients with high-grade glioma.

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Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated

Frosina

2024

Cancers

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“…More recently, hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging is of growing interest for noninvasively simultaneous diagnosis and evaluation of patients with brain tumor [1,2]. These diagnosis and evaluation could be achieved by visual observation, tumor volume delineations and then quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing scan duration and tracer dose in radiomic analysis for 18F-FDG PET/MR brain cancer

Zhuang,

Qiu,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objectives: This study is to optimize scan duration and tracer dose in radiomic analysis for 18F-FDG PET/MR brain cancer. Methods: Seventeen patients with brain cancer underwent PET/MR scans with injection of 3.70 MBq/kg 18F-FDG. PET images were split into 5 (PETSD5), 10 (PETSD10), 15 (PETSD15), and 25 (PETSD25) min duration groups, and the injected dose for each group with 10% (PETD10%), 20% (PETD20%), 33% (PETD33%) and 50% (PETD50%) dose levels were then simulated. 93 radiomic features were extracted and ICC was calculated for each feature between groups, respectively. Results: ICC varied with the feature type, scan duration, and tracer dose. ICC for PETSD10, PETSD15, and PETSD25 in relation to PETSD5 showed an obviously decrease with the lengthen of scan duration and the reduction of tracer dose. ICC on PETD10%, PETD20%, PETD33%, and PETD50% in relation to full-dose PET gradually increased with the enlargement of tracer dose and the extending of scan duration. ICC on different combinations with respect to PETSD5 at full-dose presented similar trends in most features for PETSD10 at 50%, PETSD15 at 33%, and PETSD25 at 20%. Besides, 28 features were non-sensitive to different scan durations and/or dose levels. The intertations between features were slightly affected by different scan durations and/or dose levels, in which discrepancies were sensitive to the specific feature type. Conclusions: PETSD10 at 50% might be the clinically adaptable solution for 18F-FDG PET/MR brain cancer, showing reduced radiation burden, better compatibility and clinical feasibility. Changes in scan duration and/or tracer dose in PET should be approached with caution.

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“…[7][8][9] The currently available PET tracers using O-(2-18 Ffluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine ( 18 F-FET) and 10 C-methionine have improved diagnostic efficacy in GBM. 10,11 The 3-dimensional (3D) information provided by these PET tracers allows radiation dose modification selectively to subvolume/s of a heterogenous tumor showing higher tracer uptake, which has shown some clinical advantage in radioresistant tumors. 12 Recently, 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/ CT imaging has been introduced in clinical setting.…”

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confidence: 99%

68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for In Vivo Imaging of CXCR4 Receptors in Glioma Demonstrating a Potential for Response Assessment to Radiochemotherapy: Preliminary Results

Waheed,

Singh,

Watts

et al. 2024

Clin Nucl Med

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Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT for in vivo CXCR4 receptors imaging in glioma and its possible role in response assessment to radiochemotherapy (R-CT). Methods Nineteen (12 men, 7 women) patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) underwent 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT, contrast-enhanced MR, and MR spectroscopy. Patients were divided in to 2 groups, that is, group I was the presurgical (n = 9) group in which the scanning was done before surgery, and PET findings were correlated with CXCR4 receptors’ density. The group II was the postsurgical (n = 10) group in which the scanning was done before and after R-CT and used for treatment response evaluation. The quantitative analysis of 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT evaluated the mean SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, and T/B values. MR spectroscopy data evaluated the ratios of tumor metabolites (choline, NAA, creatine). Results 68Ga-Pentixafor uptake was noted in all (n = 19) the patients. In the group I, the mean SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, and T/B values were found to be 4.5 ± 1.6, 0.60 ± 0.26, 1.95 ± 0.8, and 6.9 ± 4.6, respectively. A significant correlation (P < 0.005) was found between SUVmean and choline/NAA ratio. Immunohistochemistry performed in 7/9 showed CXCR4 receptors’ positivity (intensity 3+; stained cells >50.0%). In the group II, the mean SUVmax at baseline was 4.6 ± 2.1 and did not differ (4.4 ± 1.6) significantly from the value noted at post–R-CT follow-up PET/CT imaging. At 6 months’ clinical follow-up, 4 patients showed stable disease. SUVmax and T/B ratios at follow-up imaging were lower (3.70 ± 0.90, 2.64 ± 1.35) than the corresponding values (4.40 ± 2.8; 2.91 ± 0.93) noted at baseline. Six (6/10) patients showed disease progression, and the mean SUVmax, and T/B ratio in these patients were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the corresponding values at baseline and also higher than that noted in the stable patients. Conclusions 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT can be used for in vivo mapping of CXCR4 receptors in GBM. The technique after validation in a large cohort of patients may have added diagnostic value for the early detection of GBM recurrence and for treatment response evaluation.

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Role of Molecular Imaging with PET/MR Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Brain Tumors

Cited by 4 publications

References 121 publications

Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated

Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated

Optimizing scan duration and tracer dose in radiomic analysis for 18F-FDG PET/MR brain cancer

68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for In Vivo Imaging of CXCR4 Receptors in Glioma Demonstrating a Potential for Response Assessment to Radiochemotherapy: Preliminary Results

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