Role of Mitochondria and Mitochondrial Transplantation in Drug-induced Toxic Organ Injury

Abstract

Mitochondria, which are one of the main organelles of the cell, have vital importance for the body. Mitochondrial mechanisms, which have critical roles in many physiological processes, are active in drug-induced toxic tissue damage as well as in diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major mechanism by which various drugs can cause adverse effects in various tissues such as the liver, kidney and heart. Inhibiting respiratory complexes of the electron chain; disrupting cell bioenergetic mechanisms; inducing mitochondrial oxidative stress; inhibiting DNA replication, transcription, or translation; and reduction of protein synthesis are the most common ways drugs harm mitochondria. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a promising area that has been studied more frequently in recent years. The importance of mitochondrial transplantation in a variety of mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia has been emphasized. The purpose of this review article is to present current information on the role of mitochondria in toxic drug damage and the possible effects of mitochondrial transplantation on toxic damage.