Role of Mirnas As Biomarkers of Covid-19: A Scoping Review of the Status and Future Directions for Research in This Field

Visacri, Marília Berlofa; Nicoletti, Aline de Souza; Pincinato, Eder de Carvalho; Loren, Pía; Saavedra, Nicolás; Saavedra, Kathleen; Salazar, Luis A.; Moriel, Patrícia

doi:10.2217/bmm-2021-0348

Cited by 24 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We also highlighted a significant time-dependent change in miR-155-5p and SOCS1 levels during COVID-19. Among miRNAs, circulating miR-155 (down-regulated or up-regulated) has been considered one of the most promising diagnostic and predictive biomarkers of COVID-19 [ 25 ]. In contrast to the literature and our findings, a recent study found reduced expression levels of miR-155 in the serum of COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Host miRNAs on Prognosis in COVID-19: miRNA-155 May Promote Severity via Targeting Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) Gene

Gedikbaşı

Adaş

Işıksaçan

et al. 2022

Genes

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The epigenetic features contribute to variations in host susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the relative expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and the severity of the disease in COVID-19 patients. The miRNA profiles were monitored during the different stages of the disease course using reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expression levels of the selected 11 miRNAs were measured in the blood samples collected from 73 patients (moderate, n = 37; severe, n = 25; critically ill, n = 11, a total of 219 longitudinal samples) on hospitalization day and days 7 and 21. Expression changes were expressed as “fold change” compared to healthy controls (n = 10). Our study found that several miRNAs differed according to disease severity, with the miR-155-5p the most strongly upregulated (p = 0.0001). A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between the expression of miR-155-5p and its target gene, the suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1). The relative expression of miR-155-5p was significantly increased and SOCS1 was significantly decreased with the disease progression (r = −0.805 p = 0.0001, r = −0.940 p = 0.0001, r = −0.933 p = 0.0001 for admission, day 7, and day 21, respectively). The overexpression of miR-155-5p has significantly increased inflammatory cytokine production and promoted COVID-19 progression. We speculated that microRNA-155 facilitates immune inflammation via targeting SOCS1, thus establishing its association with disease prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Host miRNAs on Prognosis in COVID-19: miRNA-155 May Promote Severity via Targeting Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) Gene

Gedikbaşı

Adaş

Işıksaçan

et al. 2022

Genes

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“…Many studies have shown that miRNAs were significantly dysregulated in COVID-19 [ 75 ]. The most important miRNAs that can be used as COVID-19 biomarkers are miR-21-5p, miR-144, and miR-155 [ 75 ]. miRNA-146a can be used as a biomarker for the severity of COVID-19 [ 75 ].…”

Section: Changes In Mrna Expression—mirna ‘’Silencing’’ Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important miRNAs that can be used as COVID-19 biomarkers are miR-21-5p, miR-144, and miR-155 [ 75 ]. miRNA-146a can be used as a biomarker for the severity of COVID-19 [ 75 ].…”

Section: Changes In Mrna Expression—mirna ‘’Silencing’’ Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Viral and Host Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers Related to SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry, Infection Rate, and Disease Severity

Gašperšič

Dolžan

2022

Biology

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The rapid spread of COVID-19 outbreak lead to a global pandemic declared in March 2020. The common features of corona virus family helped to resolve structural characteristics and entry mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. However, rapid mutagenesis leads to the emergence of new strains that may have different reproduction rates or infectivity and may impact the course and severity of the disease. Host related factors may also play a role in the susceptibility for infection as well as the severity and outcomes of the COVID-19. We have performed a literature and database search to summarize potential viral and host-related genomic and epigenomic biomarkers, such as genetic variability, miRNA, and DNA methylation in the molecular pathway of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cell, that may be related to COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Bioinformatics tools may help to predict the effect of mutations in the spike protein on the binding to the ACE2 receptor and the infectivity of the strain. SARS-CoV-2 may also target several transcription factors and tumour suppressor genes, thus influencing the expression of different host genes and affecting cell signalling. In addition, the virus may interfere with RNA expression in host cells by exploiting endogenous miRNA and its viral RNA. Our analysis showed that numerous human miRNA may form duplexes with different coding and non-coding regions of viral RNA. Polymorphisms in human genes responsible for viral entry and replication, as well as in molecular damage response and inflammatory pathways may also contribute to disease prognosis and outcome. Gene ontology analysis shows that proteins encoded by such polymorphic genes are highly interconnected in regulation of defense response. Thus, virus and host related genetic and epigenetic biomarkers may help to predict the course of the disease and the response to treatment.

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“…Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the clinical manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [ 1 ]. This infection started to spread across the world in 2019, increasing hospitalization rates in several countries, and rapidly turned into a global pandemic [ 2 ]. Considering the high infection rate, which can affect an elevated percentage of individuals in each community in a short period, the mortality rate and the death risk estimation are related to the breakdown of the healthcare systems [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the high infection rate, which can affect an elevated percentage of individuals in each community in a short period, the mortality rate and the death risk estimation are related to the breakdown of the healthcare systems [ 3 , 4 ]. Therefore, on March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic, leading to the emergence of public health strategies to contain the outbreak, including social confinement and movement restriction [ 2 , 5 ]. Reported illnesses have ranged from very mild (including some with no reported symptoms) to severe, including illness resulting in death [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs as Potential Tools for Predicting Cancer Patients’ Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Response

Dias

Teixeira

et al. 2022

Cells

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that is caused by a highly contagious and severe acute respiratory syndrome—coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This infection started to spread across the world in 2019 and rapidly turned into a global pandemic, causing an urgent necessity for treatment strategies development. The mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can trigger an immune response, providing genetic information that allows the production of spike glycoproteins. MiRNAs play a crucial role in diverse key cellular processes, including antiviral defense. Several miRNAs are described as key factors in SARS-CoV-2 human infection through the regulation of ACE2 levels and by the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication and spike expression. Consequently, these molecules have been considered as highly promising biomarkers. In numerous human malignancies, it has been recognized that miRNAs expression is dysregulated. Since miRNAs can target SARS-CoV-2-associated mRNAs, in cancer patients, the deregulation of these molecules can impair the immune response to the vaccines. Therefore, in this review, we propose a miRNA profile of seven SARS-CoV-2-related miRNAs, namely miR-214, miR-98-5p, miR-7-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-15b-5p, that are deregulated in a high number of cancers and have the potential to be used as prognostic biomarkers to stratify cancer patients.

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Role of Mirnas As Biomarkers of Covid-19: A Scoping Review of the Status and Future Directions for Research in This Field

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

The Effect of Host miRNAs on Prognosis in COVID-19: miRNA-155 May Promote Severity via Targeting Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) Gene

The Effect of Host miRNAs on Prognosis in COVID-19: miRNA-155 May Promote Severity via Targeting Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) Gene

Viral and Host Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers Related to SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry, Infection Rate, and Disease Severity

MicroRNAs as Potential Tools for Predicting Cancer Patients’ Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Response

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