Role of miRNA dysregulation in sepsis

Abstract

Background Sepsis is defined as a state of multisystem organ dysfunction secondary to a dysregulated host response to infection and causes millions of deaths worldwide annually. Novel ways to counteract this disease are needed and such tools may be heralded by a detailed understanding of its molecular pathogenesis. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules that target mRNAs to inhibit or degrade their translation and have important roles in several disease processes including sepsis. Main body The current review adopted a strategic approach to analyzing the widespread literature on the topic of miRNAs and sepsis. A pubmed search of “miRNA or microRNA or small RNA and sepsis not review” up to and including January 2021 led to 1140 manuscripts which were reviewed. Two hundred and thirty-three relevant papers were scrutinized for their content and important themes on the topic were identified and subsequently discussed, including an in-depth look at deregulated miRNAs in sepsis in peripheral blood, myeloid derived suppressor cells and extracellular vesicles. Conclusion Our analysis yielded important observations. Certain miRNAs, namely miR-150 and miR-146a, have consistent directional changes in peripheral blood of septic patients across numerous studies with strong data supporting a role in sepsis pathogenesis. Furthermore, a large body of literature show miRNA signatures of clinical relevance, and lastly, many miRNAs deregulated in sepsis are associated with the process of endothelial dysfunction. This review offers a widespread, up-to-date and detailed discussion of the role of miRNAs in sepsis and is meant to stimulate further work in the field due to the potential of these small miRNAs in prompt diagnostics, prognostication and therapeutic agency.

A novel signature combing cuproptosis- and ferroptosis-related genes in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy

“…This may be mediated by miRNAs. miRNAs are associated with the pathophysiological process of many diseases ( Formosa et al, 2022 ) and are involved in the occurrence and development of SIC ( Beltrán-García et al, 2021 ). We therefore built a TF-miRNA-hub gene network depending on the shared dataset and published literature.…”

Inhibition of sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury via thecircITCH‐miR‐579‐3p‐ZEB2axis

“…MiRNAs can bind to the 3′‐UTR of target mRNAs resulting in the mRNA degradation and inhibition of the mRNA protein translation 39 . Further investigations were performed to elucidate the downstream mechanism of miR‐579‐3p.…”

“…MiRNAs can bind to the 3 0 -UTR of target mRNAs resulting in the mRNA degradation and inhibition of the mRNA protein translation. 39 Further investigations were performed to elucidate the downstream mechanism of miR-579-3p. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase analysis confirmed that ZEB2, a zinc-finger transcription factor, was negatively correlated with miR-579-3p expression in patients with septic AKI.…”

MiRNA-30d and miR-770-5p as potential clinical risk predictors of Vasoplegic Syndrome in Patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

“…Patients with VS develop a systemic inflammatory response leading to endothelial dysregulation, systemic vasodilation refractory to vasopressors, hypotension and progressive death 13 . Despite the lack of information regarding miRNAs in VS, some inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis 14 , systemic inflammatory response syndrome 15 , and sepsis-related acute lung injury 16 , that have a similar mechanism as VS, were studied and also show a correlation with dysregulation levels of hsa-miR-30d-5p in body fluids [15][16][17] . Here we show that in comparison to healthy controls, the levels of www.nature.com/scientificreports/ miR-30d-5p are increased in whole blood of VS patients, suggesting a possible anti-inflammatory role for this miRNA 17 .…”