Role of Microstructures on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipeline Steels in Carbonate-Bicarbonate Solution

Asahi, Hitoshi; Kondo, Takahiro; Kimura, Mitsuo; Fukai, Hideaki; Okano, Satoshi

doi:10.5006/1.3284018

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Notwithstanding, the carbon dioxide corrosion mechanism is a convoluted process, which is influenced by many factors/conditions [2]. Various studies have shown that the steel microstructure plays a significant role in terms of the corrosion rate and mechanism [13][14][15][16]. Studies undertaken recently revealed that the inhibitor efficiency may also be influenced by the steel microstructure [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of microstructure on the corrosion rate of various carbon steels

et al. 2005

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This paper presents a fundamental study of the influence of carbon steel microstructure on the corrosion rate. Subsequently, the corrosion performance of various grades of carbon steels were evaluated in stirred autoclaves under elevated carbon dioxide and temperature conditions. Corrosion and penetration rates were determined via mass loss and optical microscopy, respectively. It was found that the corrosion rate of carbon steel line pipe is influenced by microstructure. More specifically, a relationship between localized corrosion susceptibility and the presence of pearlite bands in the steel microstructure was found. However, no correlation was evident between minor elemental concentrations (i.e., Ni, Cr, Mo) and corrosion resistance. It has been proposed that the corrosion stability of the various microstructures may arise from variations in the distribution of carbon bearing phases within the steel. In the banded ferrite/pearlite structure, the carbon-bearing phase (pearlite) is distributed in layers whereas in the other structures the carbon-bearing phases are much more evenly distributed. This study reports on the corrosion resistance of carbon steels in relation to their chemical and physical properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of microstructure on the corrosion rate of various carbon steels

et al. 2005

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“…The microstructure of the carbon steel pipelines contain a ferrite-pearlite phase. Homogeneous microstructures may be less susceptible to SCC [ 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 ]. However, these steels have traces of sulfur forming manganese sulfide inclusions (MnS).…”

Section: A Review Of the Scc Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micro cracks and interstices are fundamentally formed in the grain boundary, and around of the inclusions. Asahi et al [ 128 ] measured the threshold stress of X52, X65, X80 steels by different thermal treatment. The authors concluded that the thermomechanically controlled processed (TMCP), and quenched-tempered (QT) on these steels, achieved more uniform microstructures, were less susceptible to SCC.…”

Section: A Review Of the Scc Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors concluded that the thermomechanically controlled processed (TMCP), and quenched-tempered (QT) on these steels, achieved more uniform microstructures, were less susceptible to SCC. Thus, the microstructure of carbon steel pipelines has been considered one important factor affecting SCC initiation and propagation [ 64 , 65 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 ]. Therefore, the SCC resistance of carbon steel pipelines can be increased by eliminating the inclusions or precipitates content to avoid the nucleation sites for corrosion pits on carbon steels [ 64 , 65 , 132 , 133 , 134 ].…”

Section: A Review Of the Scc Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Electrochemical Parameters and Their Impact on the Internal and External SCC of Carbon Steel Pipelines

et al. 2020

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The review presented herein is regarding the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) phenomena of carbon steel pipelines affected by the corrosive electrolytes that comes from external (E) and internal (I) environments, as well as the susceptibility and tensile stress on the SCC. Some useful tools are presented including essential aspects for determining and describing the E-SCC and I-SCC in oil and gas pipelines. Therefore, this study aims to present a comprehensive and critical review of a brief experimental summary, and a comparison of physicochemical, mechanical, and electrochemical data affecting external and internal SCC in carbon steel pipelines exposed to corrosive media have been conducted. The SCC, hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC), hydrogen embrittlement, and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) are attributed to the pH, and to hydrogen becoming more corrosive by combining external and internal sources promoting cracking, such as sulfide compounds, acidic soils, acidic atmospheric compounds, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, organic acids (acetic acid, mainly), bacteria induced corrosion, cathodic polarization, among others. SCC growth is a reaction between the microstructural, chemical, and mechanical effects and it depends on the external and internal environmental sources promoting unpredictable cracks and fractures. In some cases, E-SCC could be initiated by hydrogen that comes from the over-voltage during the cathodic protection processes. I-SCC could be activated by over-operating pressure and temperature at flowing media during the production, gathering, storage and transportation of wet hydrocarbons through pipelines. The mechanical properties related to I-SCC were higher in comparison with those reviewed by E-SCC, suggesting that pipelines suffer more susceptibility to I-SCC. When a pipeline is designed, the internal fluid being transported (changes of environments) and the external environment concerning SCC should be considered. This review offers a good starting point for newcomers into the field, it is written as a tutorial, and covers a large number of basic standards in the area.

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“…Several recent studies of steels with different microstructures have suggested that steels with more uniform microstructures may be less susceptible to SCC. 14,15 Investigations of steel revealed that the microstructure is the most important factor affecting SCC. [14][15][16][17][18] Therefore, in addition to steel grade, the microstructure also needs to be considered when determining the SCC susceptibility.…”

Section: Steel Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-corrosion-cracking assessment of X52 pipeline steel exposed to mexican soils

Lizárraga¹,

Pérez²,

Galván-Martínez³

et al. 2019

Mater. Tehnol.

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This work analyzed the physicochemical effect of the soils typical of the Campeche State of Mexico on the X52 pipeline steel. The susceptibility to external stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of the X52 pipeline steel in two types of soil containing different moisture contents was investigated using slow-strain-rate tests (SSRT). One soil is of a calcareous origin (high pH) and the other is farming soil (near-neutral pH). Generally, steel shows high resistance to SCC in the farming soil, exhibiting only pitting corrosion; however, the X52 steel was susceptible to SCC, though only in the saturated calcareous soil, showing some microcracks in the gage section of SSR specimens. Some microcracks were found at the bottom of micropits. SCC was promoted by the plastic deformation at the bottom of the pits, combined with the influence of the soil chemistry. The process of crack initiation is discussed in terms of the pit geometry and stresses.

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Role of Microstructures on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipeline Steels in Carbonate-Bicarbonate Solution

Cited by 28 publications

References 5 publications

The influence of microstructure on the corrosion rate of various carbon steels

The influence of microstructure on the corrosion rate of various carbon steels

Analysis of the Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Electrochemical Parameters and Their Impact on the Internal and External SCC of Carbon Steel Pipelines

Stress-corrosion-cracking assessment of X52 pipeline steel exposed to mexican soils

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