Role of microRNA carried by small extracellular vesicles in urological tumors

Mao, Yiping; Zhang, Mengting; Wang, Lanfeng; Lu, Yukang; Hu, Xinyi; Chen, Zhiping

doi:10.3389/fcell.2023.1192937

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 156 publications

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“…Exosomes, also called microvesicles, ectosomes, migratory bodies, apoptotic bodies, or tumor bodies, are named based on the shape and size of EVs. [25][26][27][28] Exosomes can be small (60-80 nm) or large (90-120 nm). 29,30 Small exosomes contain proteins associated with endosomes and phagocytic vesicles derived from the endosomal compartment.…”

Section: Origin Of Exosomes and Their Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Exosomal Modulation of Macrophages in Liver Fibrosis

Fan,

Xie,

Tan

et al. 2023

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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Exosomes are 60–120 nm diameter double-membrane lipid organelles discharged by cells. Various studies have shown that exosomes exert multiple functions in both physical and diseased processes, such as intercellular information exchange, immune response, and disease progression. Repeated chronic injury to the liver often leads to inflammation and liver fibrosis (LF), a disorder that, if unchecked, may progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, portal hypertension, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. As an essential component of host innate immunity against pathogen invasion, macrophages play an important role in modulating inflammation homeostasis by finely tuning the polarization process of macrophages into either M1 or M2 subtypes in response to different microenvironments. As a critical contributor to the inflammation process, macrophages also play a complex and instrumental function in the progression of LF. This review focuses on recent advancements in the role of macrophage-associated exosomes implicated in LF, including macrophage-released exosomes and macrophage-targeted exosomes. In addition, the progress made in exosome-based antifibrotic therapy by in vivo and in vitro studies is also highlighted.

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Section: Origin Of Exosomes and Their Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Exosomal Modulation of Macrophages in Liver Fibrosis

Fan,

Xie,

Tan

et al. 2023

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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miR-182, miR-221 and miR-222 are potential urinary extracellular vesicle biomarkers for canine urothelial carcinoma

Karttunen,

Kalmar,

Grant

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Current diagnostic methods for canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) are technically challenging or can lack specificity, hence there is a need for novel biomarkers of UC. To this end, we analysed the microRNA (miRNA) cargo of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from urine samples of dogs with UC to identify candidate miRNA biomarkers. Urine was fractionated using ultrafiltration combined with size-exclusion chromatography and small RNA sequencing analysis was performed on both the EV enriched and (EV free) protein fractions. A greater number of candidate miRNA biomarkers were detected in the EV fraction than the protein fraction, and further validation using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was performed on the EV enriched fraction of a second cohort of dogs with UC which indicated that miR-182, miR-221 and miR-222 were significantly overrepresented in dogs with UC when compared with healthy dogs and dogs with urinary tract infections. Pathway analysis confirmed that these three miRNAs are involved in cancer. In addition, their potential downstream gene targets were predicted and PIK3R1, a well-known oncogene is likely to be a shared target between miRNA-182 and miRNA-221/222. In summary, this study highlights the potential of urinary EV-associated miRNAs as a source of biomarkers for the diagnosis of canine UC.

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Extracellular vesicle miRNAs for predicting the efficacy of late-line treatment with anlotinib in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

Huang,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Cancer Nano

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Background Anlotinib is a targeted therapy indicated for some malignancies, including advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, noninvasive biomarkers for identifying patients who will benefit from this disease remain lacking. Methods Here, we investigated the potential of small extracellular vesicle (sEV) microRNAs (miRNAs) as predictive biomarkers for anlotinib efficacy. A total of 20 advanced NSCLC patients were enrolled. Patients were classified as having stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD) after the initial efficacy assessment. Results Seven differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified. Among them, miR-941 was significantly upregulated in the PD group, while the others were downregulated. Furthermore, these six downregulated miRNAs (miR-30a-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-92a-3p, and miR-150-3p) were more pronounced in nonsmoking patients. Conclusions It was found that sEV miRNAs have the potential to predict the benefit of anlotinib.

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Role of microRNA carried by small extracellular vesicles in urological tumors

Cited by 3 publications

References 156 publications

Role of Exosomal Modulation of Macrophages in Liver Fibrosis

Role of Exosomal Modulation of Macrophages in Liver Fibrosis

miR-182, miR-221 and miR-222 are potential urinary extracellular vesicle biomarkers for canine urothelial carcinoma

Extracellular vesicle miRNAs for predicting the efficacy of late-line treatment with anlotinib in patients with lung adenocarcinoma

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