Role of MicroRNA-1 as Diagnostic and Differentiating Biomarker between Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina

Abstract

Worldwide, coronary artery disease (CAD) accounts for a disproportionate share of all cardiovascular deaths. Disruption of the atherosclerotic plaque and thrombotic blockage of the artery cause acute coronary syndrome (ACS), a subtype of coronary artery disease (CAD). Acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina (UA) are disorders that are part of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). These diseases indicate myocardial damage and necrosis. Assessment of symptoms, changes in troponin, and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities due to ischemia are the current clinical diagnostic tools for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). On the other hand, "classic" symptoms are rare and don't reliably differentiate between cardiac and noncardiac reasons of chest discomfort in certain groups, such as diabetics, women, and the elderly. Ultimately, miR-1 enhances myoblast development by targeting the production of heat shock proteins (HSP)-60, HSP-70, and Bcl-2. It is secreted into the bloodstream after cardiac damage and is strongly expressed in skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes. Its promise for quick diagnosis is supported by the fact that its level rises in plasma samples taken from patients shortly after symptoms begin. A number of diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, have miRNAs in circulation as potential non-invasive indicators (CVD) The goal of this study was to identify if microRNA-1 could be utilised as a tool for discriminating between unstable angina (UA) and acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI), as well as to evaluate the impact of microRNA-1 expression in the diagnosis of UA and MI in patients (UA).