Role of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid in kiwifruit plants further subjected to Psa infection: biochemical and genetic responses

Silva, Marta Nunes da; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Pinto, Vanessa; Balestra, Giorgio Mariano; Mazzaglia, A.; Gómez-Cádenas, Aurelio; Carvalho, S.M.P.

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.02.045

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As a virulence factor, ethylene may promote stomata opening, thus facilitating the penetration into the host tissues, and, at the same time, it may reduce the host defences by silencing SA-mediated signalling and helping Psa to escape the hypersensitive response [ 52 , 53 ]. In agreement with this view, A. deliciosa defences could be successfully stimulated in previous work [ 30 ] by applying SA or its functional homologue, acibenzolar-S-methyl, whereas methyl-JA treatment promoted ethylene production/signalling and Psa growth in plant tissues [ 54 ]. In addition, gene repression of ics1 , which encodes for the precursor enzyme of SA biosynthesis (isochorismate synthase), and of SA-dependent responses ( PR genes) was reported after infection of A. deliciosa with Psa strain CFBP7286, while the same genes were promoted when uninfected plants were exposed from volatile compounds emitted by infected plants [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

A Breach in Plant Defences: Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Targets Ethylene Signalling to Overcome Actinidia chinensis Pathogen Responses

Cellini

Donati

Farneti

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Ethylene interacts with other plant hormones to modulate many aspects of plant metabolism, including defence and stomata regulation. Therefore, its manipulation may allow plant pathogens to overcome the host’s immune responses. This work investigates the role of ethylene as a virulence factor for Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), the aetiological agent of the bacterial canker of kiwifruit. The pandemic, highly virulent biovar of this pathogen produces ethylene, whereas the biovars isolated in Japan and Korea do not. Ethylene production is modulated in planta by light/dark cycle. Exogenous ethylene application stimulates bacterial virulence, and restricts or increases host colonisation if performed before or after inoculation, respectively. The deletion of a gene, unrelated to known bacterial biosynthetic pathways and putatively encoding for an oxidoreductase, abolishes ethylene production and reduces the pathogen growth rate in planta. Ethylene production by Psa may be a recently and independently evolved virulence trait in the arms race against the host. Plant- and pathogen-derived ethylene may concur in the activation/suppression of immune responses, in the chemotaxis toward a suitable entry point, or in the endophytic colonisation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

A Breach in Plant Defences: Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Targets Ethylene Signalling to Overcome Actinidia chinensis Pathogen Responses

Cellini

Donati

Farneti

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM, used at 0.2 g/L), commercially known as Actigard™, was used as a SA pathway elicitor [ 3 ], and methyl jasmonate (MeJA, used at 0.05 v / v + 0.025% ( v / v ) DuWett ® ) as a JA pathway elicitor [ 57 ]. All elicitor spray treatments were applied on day one of the trials, using a hand-held 1-L spray bottle, with a separate bottle used for each treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit

Wurms

Chee

Stannard

et al. 2021

Plants

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Latania scale insect is a pest of global significance affecting kiwifruit. The sessile insect (life stage: settled crawler—mature adult) is covered with a waxy cap that protects it from topical pesticides, so increasingly, a selection of resistant cultivars and application of elicitors are being used in pest control. Thus far, the application of a salicylic acid (SA) phytohormone pathway elicitor, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), has been shown to reduce insect development (as indicated by cap size) on one kiwifruit cultivar (‘Hayward’). To investigate how cultivar-associated resistance is affected by the ability to respond to different elicitors, we measured phytohormones (by LCMS) and gene expression (by qPCR and NanoString) on latania scale-tolerant ‘Hort16A’ and susceptible ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit over two seasons. Potted plants in the presence/absence of settled latania scales were treated with ASM (0.2 g/L) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA, 0.05% v/v), representing elicitors of the SA and JA signalling pathways, respectively. ‘Hort16A’ cultivar resistance to latania scale was associated with elevated expression of SA and SA-related defence genes (PR1 and two PR2 family genes) in the ASM treatment. MeJA treatments did not significantly affect insect development in ‘Hayward’ (latania scale did not survive on ‘Hort16A’) and did not correlate with phytohormone and gene expression measurements in either cultivar. ‘Hayward’ had greater concentrations than ‘Hort16A’ of inert storage forms of both SA and JA across all treatments. This information contributes to the selection of tolerant cultivars and the effective use of elicitors for control of latania scale in kiwifruit.

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“…Similar findings were obtained by Wurms et al (2017b), who observed that, shortly following Psa infection, A. chinensis had increased endogenous concentrations of both SA and JA, with SA increasing to a greater extent than JA. Other studies also reported the upregulation of genes involved in the SA and ET/JA‐mediated pathways following Psa infection (Cellini et al, 2014, 2021; Michelotti et al, 2018; Nunes da Silva et al, 2021). This suggests that the mutually antagonistic SA and JA networks may be concertedly activated within a short timeframe following infection, which could lead to downstream implications in plant defences and, therefore, to the higher susceptibility of A. chinensis var.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Defence‐related pathways, phytohormones and primary metabolism are key players in kiwifruit plant tolerance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae

Silva

Carvalho

Rodrigues

et al. 2021

Plant Cell & Environment

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The reasons underlying the differential tolerance of Actinidia spp. to the pandemic pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) have not yet been elucidated. We hypothesized that differential plant‐defence strategies linked to transcriptome regulation, phytohormones and primary metabolism might be key and that Actinidia chinensis susceptibility results from an inefficient activation of defensive mechanisms and metabolic impairments shortly following infection. Here, 48 h postinoculation bacterial density was 10‐fold higher in A. chinensis var. deliciosa than in Actinidia arguta, accompanied by significant increases in glutamine, ornithine, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) (up to 3.2‐fold). Actinidia arguta showed decreased abscisic acid (ABA) (0.7‐fold), no changes in primary metabolites, and 20 defence‐related genes that were only differentially expressed in this species. These include GLOX1, FOX1, SN2 and RBOHA, which may contribute to its higher tolerance. Results suggest that A. chinensis' higher susceptibility to Psa is due to an inefficient activation of plant defences, with the involvement of ABA, JA and SA, leading to impairments in primary metabolism, particularly the ammonia assimilation cycle. A schematic overview on the interaction between Psa and genotypes with distinct tolerance is provided, highlighting the key transcriptomic and metabolomic aspects contributing to the different plant phenotypes after infection.

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Role of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid in kiwifruit plants further subjected to Psa infection: biochemical and genetic responses

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

A Breach in Plant Defences: Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Targets Ethylene Signalling to Overcome Actinidia chinensis Pathogen Responses

A Breach in Plant Defences: Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Targets Ethylene Signalling to Overcome Actinidia chinensis Pathogen Responses

Defence Responses Associated with Elicitor-Induced, Cultivar-Associated Resistance to Latania Scale in Kiwifruit

Defence‐related pathways, phytohormones and primary metabolism are key players in kiwifruit plant tolerance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae

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