Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Echinococcus granulosus Treatment: A Prospective Review

Abstract

Hydatid cyst disease is a serious parasitic infection caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The disease affects millions of people worldwide, especially in regions, where dogs are used for livestock herding. Treating hydatid cysts is difficult and often involves invasive surgical procedures that risk complications. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a promising new approach for treating hydatid cyst disease. This study aimed to explore the properties and therapeutic potential of MSCs, their role in the treatment of hydatid cyst disease, and the advantages of using MSC therapy in comparison with traditional treatment methods. The MSCs are adult stem cells found in various tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord tissue. The MSCs can differentiate into various cell types and modulate the immune response. This makes them a potentially valuable tool for treating infectious diseases, including hydatid cyst disease. Several studies have shown that MSC therapy can improve the outcomes of hydatid cyst disease. The MSCs were able to significantly reduce the cysts' size and decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The MSC therapy has several advantages rather to traditional treatment methods for hydatid cyst disease. The MSC therapy is minimally invasive and carries a lower risk of complications than surgical procedures. MSC therapy can also be combined with other treatments, such as albendazole, to improve the efficacy of the treatment. In conclusion, MSC therapy could revolutionize the treatment of hydatid cyst disease. More research is needed to fully understand MSC therapy's mechanisms and optimize the treatment protocols. However, the promising results of initial studies suggest that MSC therapy may become an important tool in the fight against hydatid cyst disease.