Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based Therapies in MDR/ XDR TB and Co-Morbidities

Iyer, Ranganathan; Chelluri, Eswara Prasad; Chelluri, Lakshmi Kiran

doi:10.4172/2157-7633.1000284

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases in humans [101]. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB, mainly caused by non-adherence to antimicrobial therapy, are recognized health problems in: Eastern Europe, South Africa, and South East Asia [101][102][103]. Therapeutic strategies that are employed in the management of MDR/XDR TB include: directly observed treatment (DOTS), DOTS-Plus, recombinant human IL-2 by aerosol therapy, and recombinant IFN-γ [102].…”

Section: Mscs In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cellular crosstalk between TNF-α and prostaglandin-E2 is essential for the increased production of NO in macrophages [113]. Consequently, MSCs may become an ideal choice as adjunct therapy in MDR and XDR TB particularly in individuals with comorbid medical conditions [102,103,114]. There are three main clinical trials on the use of MSCs in the treatment of MDR/XDR TB [115][116][117].…”

Section: Mscs In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, the addition of autologous MSC transplantation to conventional anti-TB chemotherapy significantly enhanced the response rates in patients with MDR/XDR TB [117]. Therefore, combining standard anti-TB chemotherapy with autologous MSC transplantation may ultimately become valuable in increasing the efficacy of anti-TB treatment in patients with MDR-TB [2,102,115,116].…”

Section: Mscs In Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Update on Mesenchymal and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Mesenchymal stem cells are heterogenous adult multipotent stromal cells that can be isolated from various sources including: bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, dental pulp, and adipose tissue. They have certain immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive, and antimicrobial properties that enable them to have several therapeutic and clinical applications including: treatment of autoimmune disorders, role in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and regenerative medicine, as well as treatment of various infections and their associated complications such as septic shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Although more success has been achieved in preclinical trials on the use of mesenchymal stem cells in animal models than in human clinical trials, particularly in septic shock and Chagas disease, more progress has been made in both disorders after the recent use of specific sources and certain doses of mesenchymal stem cells. Nevertheless, the utilization of this type of stem cells has shown remarkable progress in the treatment of few infections such as tuberculosis. The clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of several diseases still faces real challenges that need to be resolved. The following book chapter will be an updated review on the role of mesenchymal stem cells in various infections and their complications.

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