Role of lymphocyte immunization therapy (LIT) in repeated miscarriages – A review

Abstract

Recurrent Miscarriages are seen in 2%–5% of women and 50% of these are labelled as unexplained as no underlying cause is found in them. Various studies have explained possible alloimmune basis in these couples. Lymphocyte Immunization Therapy (LIT) was the earliest immunomodulatory method suggested in these cases. The efficacy of LIT was questioned by REMIS study in 1999 and subsequent Cochrane reviews. However, recent meta‐analyses have shown that LIT is not only effective in the treatment of repeated miscarriages but it is also safe. Review of the odds ratio for live birth of various meta‐analyses of studies in recurrent miscarriages has also shown that newer meta‐analyses have shown higher odds ratios. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the current perspective of LIT in reproductive failure and bring forth the recent evidence. In addition, we share our experience with the use of LIT in women with recurrent pregnancy losses. However, large multicentric RCTs are required to further prove efficacy of LIT.

Special issue: Clinical reproductive immunology: Indian perspective

“…Raut and Raut reviewed the clinical evidence of improved pregnancy outcome in women experiencing repeated pregnancy losses with the Lymphocyte Immunization Therapy. 20 Serum levels of 24 immune markers at three time points across gestation and in cord blood of the GARBH-Ini cohort of normal Indian pregnant women are being reported for the first time. 21…”

“…Raut and Raut reviewed the clinical evidence of improved pregnancy outcome in women experiencing repeated pregnancy losses with the Lymphocyte Immunization Therapy 20 …”