Role of lncRNAs as Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death among all gynecological malignancies in the world and its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Compared with research on microRNAs, research on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is still in its infancy. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that lncRNAs exhibit multiple biological functions in various stages of OC development. In this review, we conclude that lncRNAs are closely involved in the pathogenesis of OC. The expression of lncRNAs indicates the early diagnosis, prognosis, and response to chemotherapy of OC. An attractive approach to treatment of OC is lncRNA small interfering RNA or acting as a plasmid targeting the expression of toxic genes, which is a novel step toward a major breakthrough in the treatment of human OC. E2-regulated lncRNA and its polymorphism, methylation, are also involved in OC. Further research efforts are needed before fully identifying, characterizing, and elucidating the actual functions of lncRNAs in OC at the molecular level and putting them into clinical practice.

Retracted: Knockdown of long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma–associated 1 inhibits cell viability, migration, and invasion by regulating microRNA‐182 in gastric carcinoma

“…8 Recently, accumulating evidences have shown that lncRNAs acted as molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various cancers, including non-small-cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. [9][10][11] In terms of GC, novel lncRNAs of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF)activated noncoding RNA (BANCR) 12 and HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) 13 play a critical role in cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis and are associated with clinical progression and a poor prognosis in GC. These findings clearly indicate that lncRNAs are involved in tumor biology and can be used for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets.…”

LncRNA ZEB1‐AS1 down‐regulation suppresses the proliferation and invasion by inhibiting ZEB1 expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…Notably, lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA regulatory axis widely participates in oesophageal carcinogenesis . Many lncRNAs play pivotal roles in maintaining and promoting the biological characteristics of tumour cells, and thus, lncRNAs may be the attractive therapeutic targets in a variety of tumours . Our recent work identified many differential lncRNA through TCGA database, and we revealed that ZEB1‐AS1 was significantly up‐regulated in ESCA, but its precise functions remain unknown.…”

“…18 Many lncRNAs play pivotal roles in maintaining and promoting the biological characteristics of tumour cells, and thus, lncRNAs may be the attractive therapeutic targets in a variety of tumours. 19,20 Our recent work identified many differential lncRNA through TCGA database, and we revealed that ZEB1-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in ESCA, 21 but its precise functions remain unknown. It is a fact that ZEB1-AS1 is closely correlated with tumour occurrence and development, such as bladder cancer, 22 glioma, 23 melanoma 24 and non-small-cell lung cancer, 25 and these data suggest that ZEB1-AS1 is involved in tumour progression via multiple different molecular mechanisms, suggesting the complexity of ZEB1-AS1 function in these tumours.…”

Long Noncoding RNA LINC00858 Promotes the Progression of Ovarian Cancer via Regulating the miR-134-5p/TRIM44 Axis

“…Recent studies have shown that a variety of lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in ovarian cancer and contribute to the pathological progress of ovarian cancer [16,17]. LncRNA MALAT1 is upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and indicates lower 5-year overall survival rate.…”