Role of Lithology and Rock Structure in Drainage Development in the Kaliani River Basin, Assam, India

Abstract

Lithology and Rock structure play a vital role in the development of Drainage Network in any drainage basin. The drainage patterns upon land surface develop as directed by the underlying lithology and rock structure. In fact, lithology and rock structure together shape the basin and are decisive parameters of nature and direction of channel flow. The Kaliani River Basin situated in Karbi Anglong district (Diphu subdivision), Assam State of India is strongly influenced by underlying lithology and rock structure. Tectonics play an important role, as the region has numerous minor lineaments and two major faults , and has undergone three phases of upliftment since late Cretaceous to late Miocene. The region is also influenced by neo-tectonics. The western and eastern parts of the basin are less influenced by structural lines of lithology while the northern and southern parts of the basin have fault-lines scarps and ridges.

Hydrogeological Characterization and Approach to a Conceptual Model of the Aquifer of the Cuvette Basin, Republic of Congo

“…A lithologic model can give a general overview of the spatial distribution of the main geological formations in an area. Additionally, it facilitates a more accurate discrimination of different stratigraphic units vertically and hence a more realistic conceptual groundwater model ( [13]). Over the past four decades, several techniques have been developed to predict rock lithology, such as interpretation of seismic data ( [14] [15]), physical well logs and geochemical data ( [16]), and, recently, remote sensing data ( [17]).…”