Role of Landau-Rabi quantization of electron motion on the crust of magnetars within the nuclear energy density functional theory

Mutafchieva, Y. D.; Chamel, Nicolas; Stoyanov, Zh. K.; Mihailov, L.M.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.99.055805

Cited by 23 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Making use of the completeness relations, i ϕ (q) i (r, σ ) * ϕ (q) i (r , σ ) = δ(r − r )δ σ σ , (A1) and using Eqs. (24) and (25), we can demonstrate the following identities:…”

Section: Appendix: Continuity Equationsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Our formulas are applicable to a large class of nuclear energy-density functionals. These include the Brussels-Montreal functionals based on generalized Skyrme effective interactions for which unified equations of state for all regions of neutron stars have been calculated [21,[23][24][25], thus, paving the way for a fully consistent microscopic treatment of the dynamics of superfluid neutron stars. The formalism we have developed here in the nuclear context may also be easily transposed to the less exotic kinds of superfluids studied in terrestrial laboratories and described by similar TDHFB equations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This theory has been already applied by different groups to determine the equation of state of cold dense matter using the same functional in all regions of neutron stars (crust, mantle, and core), thus, ensuring a unified and thermodynamically consistent treatment, see, e.g., Refs. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Moreover, this theory has been also employed to compute the properties of superfluid neutrons in neutron-star crusts (see, e.g., Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entrainment effects in neutron-proton mixtures within the nuclear energy-density functional theory. II. Finite temperatures and arbitrary currents

Allard

Chamel

2021

Phys. Rev. C

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Mutual entrainment effects in hot neutron-proton superfluid mixtures are studied in the framework of the self-consistent nuclear energy-density functional theory. The local mass currents in homogeneous or inhomogeneous nuclear systems, which we derive from the time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equations at finite temperatures, are shown to have the same formal expression as the ones we found earlier in the absence of pairing at zero temperature. Analytical expressions for the entrainment matrix are obtained for application to superfluid neutron-star cores. Results are compared to those obtained earlier using Landau's theory. Our formulas, valid for arbitrary temperatures and currents, are applicable to various types of functionals including the Brussels-Montreal series for which unified equations of state have been already calculated, thus, laying the ground for a fully consistent microscopic description of superfluid neutron stars.

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“…Making use of the completeness relations, i ϕ (q) i (r, σ ) * ϕ (q) i (r , σ ) = δ(r − r )δ σ σ , (A1) and using Eqs. (24) and (25), we can demonstrate the following identities:…”

Section: Appendix: Continuity Equationsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Entrainment effects in neutron-proton mixtures within the nuclear energy-density functional theory. II. Finite temperatures and arbitrary currents

Allard

Chamel

2021

Phys. Rev. C

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“…where γ e is the electron Fermi energy in units of the electron mass energy m e c 2 , and ρ 6 = ρ/10 6 g cm −3 . We estimated this temperature in the different layers of the outer crust of a magnetar using the composition calculated in [21] for B = 2000 (B ≈ 8.83 × 10 16 G) and B = 3000 (B ≈ 1.32 × 10 17 G). As we show, electron captures occur at pressures well above 10 28 dyn cm −2 (densities above 10 10 g cm −3 ).…”

Section: Thermodynamic Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heating in Magnetar Crusts from Electron Captures

Chamel,

Fantina,

Suleiman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The persistent thermal luminosity of magnetars and their outbursts suggest the existence of some internal heat sources located in their outer crust. The compression of matter accompanying the decay of the magnetic field may trigger exothermic electron captures and, possibly, pycnonuclear fusions of light elements that may have been accreted onto the surface from the fallback of supernova debris, from a disk or from the interstellar medium. This scenario bears some resemblance to deep crustal heating in accreting neutron stars, although the matter composition and the thermodynamic conditions are very different. The maximum possible amount of heat that can be released by each reaction and their locations are determined analytically taking into account the Landau-Rabi quantization of electron motion. Numerical results are also presented using experimental, as well as theoretical nuclear data. Whereas the heat deposited is mainly determined by atomic masses, the locations of the sources are found to be very sensitive to the magnetic field strength, thus providing a new way of probing the internal magnetic field of magnetars. Most sources are found to be concentrated at densities 10 10 − 10 11 g cm −3 with heat power W ∞ ∼ 10 35 − 10 36 erg/s, as found empirically by comparing cooling simulations with observed thermal luminosity. The change of magnetic field required to trigger the reactions is shown to be consistent with the age of known magnetars. This suggests that electron captures and pycnonuclear fusion reactions may be a viable heating mechanism in magnetars. The present results provide consistent microscopic inputs for neutron star cooling simulations, based on the same model as that underlying the Brussels-Montreal unified equations of state.

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“…[15] by minimizing the Gibbs free energy per nucleon g at zero temperature and for a finite set of pressure values (see, e.g., Refs. [16][17][18][19]). The pressure step must be small enough to find the complete stratification, especially in the deepest region of the outer crust where even a thin layer can contain the most abundant nuclear species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical determination of the structure of the outer crust of a cold nonaccreted neutron star: Extension to strongly quantizing magnetic fields

Chamel

Stoyanov

2020

Phys. Rev. C

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The iterative method recently proposed for determining the internal constitution of the outer crust of a nonaccreted neutron star is extended to magnetars by taking into account the Landau-Rabi quantization of electron motion induced by the presence of a very high magnetic field. It is shown that in the strongly quantizing regime, the method can be efficiently implemented using new analytical solutions for the transitions between adjacent crustal layers. Detailed numerical computations are performed to assess the performance and precision of the method.

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Role of Landau-Rabi quantization of electron motion on the crust of magnetars within the nuclear energy density functional theory

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Entrainment effects in neutron-proton mixtures within the nuclear energy-density functional theory. II. Finite temperatures and arbitrary currents

Entrainment effects in neutron-proton mixtures within the nuclear energy-density functional theory. II. Finite temperatures and arbitrary currents

Heating in Magnetar Crusts from Electron Captures

Analytical determination of the structure of the outer crust of a cold nonaccreted neutron star: Extension to strongly quantizing magnetic fields

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