Role of l-carnitine in the modulation of immune response in aged rats

Thangasamy, Thilakavathy; Subathra, Marimuthu; Sittadjody, Sivanandane; Jeyakumar, Preethi; Joyee, Antony George; Mendoza, Erin E.; Panneerselvam, C.

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2007.11.013

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This suggested a possible relationship between carnitine deficiency and infections (Mintz, 1995;Famularo et al, 2004). However, we did not find such associations in our study, unless we postulate a role of the immune system, as reported in the literature (Thangasamy et al, 2008;Thangasamy et al, 2009). In addition, the presence of AMPD1 and CPT2 genetic polymorphisms did not seem to exacerbate CFS symptoms or influence progression of the disease.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Genetic evaluation of AMPD1, CPT2, and PGYM metabolic enzymes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

Maltese¹,

Venturini

Poplavskaya

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disease that can seriously impair one's quality of life; patients complain of excessive fatigue and myalgia following physical exertion. This disease may be associated with abnormalities in genes affecting exercise tolerance and physical performance. Adenosine monophosphate deaminase (AMPD1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT2), and the muscle isoform of glycogen phosphorylase (PYGM) genes provide instructions for producing enzymes that play major roles in energy production during work. The aim of this study was to look for evidence of genotypeassociated excessive muscle fatigue. Three metabolic genes (AMPD1, CPT2, and PYGM) were therefore fully sequenced in 17 Italian patients with CFS. We examined polymorphisms known to alter the function of these metabolic genes, and compared their genotypic distributions in CFS patients and 50 healthy controls using chi-square tests and odds ratios. One-way analysis of variance with F-ratio was carried out to determine the associations between genotypes and disease severity using CF scores. No major genetic variations between patients and controls were found in the three genes studied, and we did not find any association between these genes and CFS. In conclusion, variations in AMPD1, CPT2, and PGYM genes are not associated with the onset, susceptibility, or severity of CFS.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Genetic evaluation of AMPD1, CPT2, and PGYM metabolic enzymes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

Maltese¹,

Venturini

Poplavskaya

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…Earlier studies by us illustrate that L-carnitine administration, 300 mg/kg body weight/day for 7, 14 and 21 days improved immune responses significantly in the 21 days treatment group (Thangasamy et al 2008). Based on this, administration of a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight for 21 days was chosen for the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Additionally, carnitine is known to modulate immune function as evidenced by enhanced bovine serum albumin specific IgG and IgM antibody responses in pigeons (Janssens et al 2000). Earlier reports by us well illustrated the role of L-carnitine in improving immune functions in aged rats (Thangasamy et al 2008). However, studies on the role of L-carnitine in the lymphocytes are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

l-Carnitine mediates protection against DNA damage in lymphocytes of aged rats

et al. 2008

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It has been proposed that age-associated disorders are related to a time-dependent shift in the antioxidant/prooxidant balance towards oxidative damage. Increased production of oxidants in vivo can cause damage to intracellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins and lipids, which can in turn lead to oxidative injury. Carnitine is a vitamin-like compound that serves as a carrier to transport long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for beta-oxidation. In the present study, the effect of L-carnitine, a widely recognized essential nutrient, was evaluated on the status of lipid peroxidation and certain antioxidant enzymes and DNA damage in lymphocytes with relation to age in male wistar rats. The levels of lipid peroxides were remarkably increased whereas, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased in aged control animals when compared to younger controls. In aged animals, administration of L-carnitine for 21 days significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides and improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. L-Carnitine enhanced T-cell proliferative responses as evaluated by T-cell proliferation assay using [3H] thymidine incorporation and also significantly reduced DNA damage, apoptosis and TNF-alpha level in lymphocytes of aged animals. Our results suggest that L -carnitine may have a vital role in improving functions in the cells of the immune system particularly the lymphocytes possibly through its antioxidant action.

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“…l-carnitine supplementation significantly improved IgG content in pigeons (Janssens et al 2000) and broilers . Thangasamy et al (2008) indicated that treatment with l-carnitine improved the concentrations of IgG and IgA in aged animals in a significant manner. One possible mechanism by which l-carnitine improves the concentrations of IgG and IgA in piglet plasma is that the piglets obtain high levels of l-carnitine from milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of dietary L-carnitine and fat type on the performance, milk composition and immunoglobulin in sows, and immunological variables of sows and piglets during late gestation and lactation

Tian¹,

Wang²,

Su³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Tian M., Wang N., Su G., Shi B., Shan A. (2017): Effects of dietary l-carnitine and fat type on the performance, milk composition and immunoglobulin in sows, and immunological variables of sows and piglets during late gestation and lactation. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62,[185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194] An experiment with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (n = 12 sows/treatment) was conducted to investigate the effect of maternal dietary supplementation with 2 different l-carnitine levels (0 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and 2 fat types (3.5% soybean oil and 3.5% fish oil) from day 107 of gestation until weaning (day 21) on performance, milk composition and immunoglobulin, and on the immunological variables of sows and piglets. Blood and milk samples of sows were obtained on days 0 (farrowing), 14, and 21 of lactation. One 21-day-old piglet per litter was selected for the collection of plasma. The average piglet weaning weight and the average daily gain (ADG) were significantly influenced by supplementation with 100 mg/kg of l-carnitine (P < 0.05). Furthermore, fish oil (FO) treatment exhibited an increasing trend in average piglet weaning weight and ADG over soybean oil (SO) treatment (P < 0.1). The concentrations of fat, immunoglobulin G (IgG), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were increased in colostrums and milk by day 21 by supplementation with 100 mg/kg of l-carnitine (P < 0.05). Supplementation with 100 mg/kg of l-carnitine enhanced the IgG and IgA concentration in the plasma of sows and piglets (P < 0.05). Additionally, the concentrations of IgG and IgA were improved in colostrums by the addition of FO (P < 0.05). The FO treatment also advanced the IgA concentration in the plasma of sows and the IgG concentration in the plasma of piglets (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of 100 mg/kg l-carnitine improved the weight of piglets at weaning, ADG, IgG, and IgA levels in colostrums, and IgG and IgA concentration in the plasma of sows and piglets (P < 0.05). The concentrations of IgG and IgA were significantly increased in colostrums by supplementation with 3.5% FO (P < 0.05). Overall, no significant difference was observed between l-carnitine and FO or SO treatment in immunological variables in this study.

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Role of l-carnitine in the modulation of immune response in aged rats

Cited by 39 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic evaluation of AMPD1, CPT2, and PGYM metabolic enzymes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

Genetic evaluation of AMPD1, CPT2, and PGYM metabolic enzymes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

l-Carnitine mediates protection against DNA damage in lymphocytes of aged rats

Effects of dietary L-carnitine and fat type on the performance, milk composition and immunoglobulin in sows, and immunological variables of sows and piglets during late gestation and lactation

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