Role of Intestinal Mast Cells in Modulating Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology

Stenton, Grant R.; Vliagoftis, Harissios; Befus, A. Dean

doi:10.1016/s1081-1206(10)63105-5

Cited by 78 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…An increased number of mast cells is also reported in various other gastrointestinal disorders such as acute appendicitis, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease and gluten enteropathy [9,10] . They are seen to be in apposition to the nerves [11] and are known to secrete substances like nerve growth factor [12] . We also correlated each of the parameters obtained by image analysis morphometry of the nerve fibers with MC number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hirschsprung’s disease: Is there a relationship between mast cells and nerve fibers?

Yadav¹,

Mishra²,

Mohta³

et al. 2009

WJG

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AIM:To define the topography of mast cells and their numbers in cases of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) and non-HD, assess neural hypertrophy using imaging software and to study the relationship between mast cells and nerve fibers. METHODS:HE stained sections of 32 cases of chronic constipation in the age group of 0-14 years were reviewed for ganglion cells. AChE staining was performed on frozen sections of colonic and rectal biopsies. Based on their findings cases were divided into HD and non-HD and mast cells stained by toluidine blue were evaluated. Image analysis by computerized software was applied to S-100 stained sections for assessment of neural hypertrophy. RESULTS:Difference between number of mast cells in HD group (mean = 36.44) and in non-HD group (mean = 14.79) was statistically significant. Image analysis morphometry on S-100 stained sections served as a useful adjunct. The difference between number, size, and perimeter of the nerve fibers between HD and non-HD group was statistically significant. CONCLUSION:Mast cells are significantly increased in HD and their base line values are much higher in Indian children than that reported in Western literature. Their role in HD needs further research. Morphometry of S-100 stained nerve fibers is a useful adjunct to conventional methods for diagnosis of HD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hirschsprung’s disease: Is there a relationship between mast cells and nerve fibers?

Yadav¹,

Mishra²,

Mohta³

et al. 2009

WJG

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“…4,10,11 The increased inflammatory infiltration in the murine intestine, induced by MC degranulation after intestinal manipulation could be prevented by MC stabilizers such as ketotifen and doxantrazole, and could not be elicited in MC deficient KitW sh /W sh mice, but in MC reconstituted ones. 70 Notably, the MC-mediated mucosal barrier dysfunction may also be blamed, because the epithelial function and morphology were unchanged and no inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in MC-deficient rats by chronic stress. 71 On the other hand, MCs have also been documented to have a protective role in colonic colitis, since deletion of MCs in IL-10-deficient mice resulted in enhanced T helper 1 type (Th1) pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory signaling.…”

Section: Mast Cells In Gut Immunomodulation and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast Cells and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: From the Bench to the Bedside

Zhang

Song

Hou

2016

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

110

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is traditionally defined as a functional disorder since it lacks demonstrable pathological abnormalities. However, in recent years, low grade inflammatory infiltration, often rich in mast cells, in both the small and large bowel, has been observed in some patients with IBS. The close association of mast cells with major intestinal functions, such as epithelial secretion and permeability, neuroimmune interactions, visceral sensation, and peristalsis, makes researchers and gastroenterologists to focus attention on the key roles of mast cells in the pathogenesis of IBS. Numerous studies have been carried out to identify the mechanisms in the development, infiltration, activation, and degranulation of intestinal mast cells, as well as the actions of mast cells in the processes of mucosal barrier disruption, mucosal immune dysregulation, visceral hypersensitivity, dysmotility, and local and central stress in IBS. Moreover, therapies targeting mast cells, such as mast cell stabilizers (cromoglycate and ketotifen) and antagonists of histamine and serotonin receptors, have been tried in IBS patients, and have partially exhibited considerable efficacy. This review focuses on recent advances in the role of mast cells in IBS, with particular emphasis on bridging experimental data with clinical therapeutics for IBS patients.

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“…Mast cells and their inflammatory mediators have been implicated to play a pivotal role in intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] , collagenous colitis [8,9] , intestinal anaphylaxis [10,11] and irritable bowel syndrome [11,12] . Mast cell neutral proteases constitute more than 50% granule proteins in mast cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%