Role of Inhibition in Respiratory Pattern Generation

Janczewski, Wiktor A.; Tashima, Alexis; Hsu, Paul; Cui, Yan; Feldman, Jack L.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1595-12.2013

Cited by 137 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These findings are consistent, at least to some extent, with recent results in adult mammals (e.g. Bongianni et al, 2010;Feldman et al, 2013;Janczewski et al, 2013;Kam et al, 2013 also for further Refs. ).…”

Section: Evolutionary Conserved Characteristics Of the Respiratory Cpgsupporting

confidence: 92%

Neural mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythm generation in the lamprey

Bongianni

Mutolo

Cinelli

et al. 2016

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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a b s t r a c tThe isolated brainstem of the adult lamprey spontaneously generates respiratory activity. The paratrigeminal respiratory group (pTRG), the proposed respiratory central pattern generator, has been anatomically and functionally characterized. It is sensitive to opioids, neurokinins and acetylcholine. Excitatory amino acids, but not GABA and glycine, play a crucial role in the respiratory rhythmogenesis. These results are corroborated by immunohistochemical data. While only GABA exerts an important modulatory control on the pTRG, both GABA and glycine markedly influence the respiratory frequency via neurons projecting from the vagal motoneuron region to the pTRG. Noticeably, the removal of GABAergic transmission within the pTRG causes the resumption of rhythmic activity during apnea induced by blockade of glutamatergic transmission. The same result is obtained by microinjections of substance P or nicotine into the pTRG during apnea. The results prompted us to present some considerations on the phylogenesis of respiratory pattern generation. They may also encourage comparative studies on the basic mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythmogenesis of vertebrates.

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Section: Evolutionary Conserved Characteristics Of the Respiratory Cpgsupporting

confidence: 92%

Neural mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythm generation in the lamprey

Bongianni

Mutolo

Cinelli

et al. 2016

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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show abstract

“…3B). The experiments were performed in the presence of picrotoxin and strychnine (5 μM) suppressing GABAergic and glycinergic synaptic currents known to be dispensable for rhythm generation (10,36,37) to best reproduce the predominant glutamatergic synaptic transmission of the model. We concurrently reduced the extracellular ½K + from 8 to 3 mM to minimize spontaneous population activity after identifying recorded inspiratory neurons (Fig.…”

Section: Short-term Synaptic Plasticity In the Prebötc Inspiratory Rhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust network oscillations during mammalian respiratory rhythm generation driven by synaptic dynamics

Guerrier

Hayes

Fortin

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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How might synaptic dynamics generate synchronous oscillations in neuronal networks? We address this question in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), a brainstem neural network that paces robust, yet labile, inspiration in mammals. The preBötC is composed of a few hundred neurons that alternate bursting activity with silent periods, but the mechanism underlying this vital rhythm remains elusive. Using a computational approach to model a randomly connected neuronal network that relies on short-term synaptic facilitation (SF) and depression (SD), we show that synaptic fluctuations can initiate population activities through recurrent excitation. We also show that a two-step SD process allows activity in the network to synchronize (bursts) and generate a population refractory period (silence). The model was validated against an array of experimental conditions, which recapitulate several processes the preBötC may experience. Consistent with the modeling assumptions, we reveal, by electrophysiological recordings, that SF/SD can occur at preBötC synapses on timescales that influence rhythmic population activity. We conclude that nondeterministic neuronal spiking and dynamic synaptic strengths in a randomly connected network are sufficient to give rise to regular respiratory-like rhythmic network activity and lability, which may play an important role in generating the rhythm for breathing and other coordinated motor activities in mammals.central pattern generator | synaptic depression | mathematical modeling | numerical simulations | breathing C entral pattern generators (CPGs) are neuronal circuits that generate coordinated activity in the absence of sensory input (1). One such mammalian CPG, the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), gives rise to the eupneic respiratory rhythm (2, 3). Located in the medulla, the preBötC preserves a spontaneous respiratory-like rhythm when isolated in transverse slices, but the precise nature of the cellular and synaptic mechanisms underlying rhythmogenesis remains elusive (3-7). An early hypothesis was that the neuronal activity is driven by intrinsically bursting pacemaker neurons synchronized via excitatory synaptic connections (2,6,8,9). However, electrophysiological and modeling studies (7, 10-12) now suggest the rhythm emerges through stochastic activation of intrinsic currents conveyed by recurrent synaptic connections, without the need for pacemaker neurons (3,4,11,13,14). In either case, excitatory synapses are required for rhythm generation; the possibility that synaptic properties also underlie periodic burst initiation and termination is yet to be demonstrated.Synaptic transmission relies on the release of vesicles, which can be modulated at the presynaptic terminal. Synaptic depression (SD), based on vesicular release, consists of decaying release probability after sustained activity, which subsequently decreases excitability within the underlying connected network. Conversely, synaptic facilitation (SF) enhances vesicular release probability and promotes neuronal synchronizatio...

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“…6) localização dos músculos diafragma, genioglosso e transverso do abdômen para inserção de eletrodos de registro (GRACE et al, 2013;HUCKSTEPP et al, 2015;JANCZEWSKI et al, 2013;MORAES et al, 2013) Após a finalização dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, o anestésico halotano foi substituído pelo anestésico endovenoso uretano (1,2 g/kg). …”

Section: Procedimentos Cirúrgicosunclassified

Interação entre o grupamento parafacial/núcleo retrotrapezóide e a região de kölliker-fuse na modulação do padrão respiratório.

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Role of Inhibition in Respiratory Pattern Generation

Cited by 137 publications

References 53 publications

Neural mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythm generation in the lamprey

Neural mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythm generation in the lamprey

Robust network oscillations during mammalian respiratory rhythm generation driven by synaptic dynamics

Interação entre o grupamento parafacial/núcleo retrotrapezóide e a região de kölliker-fuse na modulação do padrão respiratório.

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