Role of imaging techniques in liver veno-occlusive disease diagnosis: recent advances and literature review

Ravaioli, Federico; Colecchia, Antonio; Alemanni, Luigina Vanessa; Vestito, Amanda; Dajti, Elton; Marasco, Giovanni; Sessa, Mariarosaria; Pession, Andrea; Bonifazi, Francesca; Festi, Davide

doi:10.1080/17474124.2019.1588111

Cited by 37 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Because magnetic resonance and computed tomography represent the gold standard techniques for focal liver lesions identification, particularly in cancer staging and surveillance, their use is still pivotal in post-HSCT VOD/SOS (42,54,55). However, the potential role of these imaging techniques can be further increased in all types of VOD/SOS (56). Major limitation for a broader use is related to logistic issues, mainly in critical patients.…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of VOD/SOS After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

et al. 2020

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Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a rare complication characterized by hepatomegaly, right-upper quadrant pain, jaundice, and ascites, occurring after high-dose chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and, less commonly, other conditions. We review pathogenesis, clinical appearance and diagnostic criteria, risk factors, prophylaxis, and treatment of the VOD occurring post-HSCT. The injury of the sinusoidal endothelial cells with loss of wall integrity and sinusoidal obstruction is the basis of development of postsinusoidal portal hypertension responsible for clinical syndrome. Risk factors associated with the onset of VOD and diagnostic tools have been recently updated both in the pediatric and adult settings and here are reported. Treatment includes supportive care, intensive management, and specific drug therapy with defibrotide. Because of its severity, particularly in VOD with associated multiorgan disease, prophylaxis approaches are under investigation. During the last years, decreased mortality associated to VOD/SOS has been reported being it attributable to a better intensive and multidisciplinary approach.

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Section: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Treatment of VOD/SOS After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

et al. 2020

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“…The imaging modalities studied most extensively in VOD/SOS are gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasound [20]. The current role of imaging in VOD/SOS is often limited to the use of ultrasound to aid the differential diagnosis [21]. The EBMT diagnostic criteria for adults proposed in 2016 also recommend the use of hemodynamic and/or ultrasound evidence in addition to other clinical criteria for a diagnosis of late-onset VOD/SOS [9].…”

Section: Use Of Imaging In Hepatic Vod/sosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gray-scale ultrasound may be useful for noting anatomic variables, such as hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, ascites, gallbladder wall thickening, and portal vein dilation ( Figure 1) [21]. Its advantages include availability at most centers, feasibility of bedside use, and no need for contrast medium or radiation exposure.…”

Section: Gray-scale Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Color variables are those that involve the absence/presence of flow and flow direction ( Figure 2). Doppler ultrasound shares the advantages of not requiring a contrast medium or radiation and being bedside feasible; it also has good accuracy in measurement of portal hypertension and is useful for differential diagnosis [21]. Disadvantages include being operatordependent, requiring operator expertise, and poor uniformity of results.…”

Section: Color Doppler Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging in Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome

Chan

Colecchia

Duarte

et al. 2020

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation

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Veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (VOD/SOS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Early diagnosis and, subsequently, earlier intervention have been shown to be beneficial to clinical outcomes. Diagnostic criteria from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation include recommendations on the use of imaging for diagnosis. This review discusses evidence on the use of imaging in the management of VOD/SOS and how imaging biomarkers can contribute to earlier diagnosis/treatment.

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“…Nevertheless, some hepatic complications after HSCT may turn out to be overlapping on these above features. Therefore, imaging techniques, particularly those ultrasound‐based, have been reported to be useful to help the physician in the diagnosis of VOD/SOS …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal evaluation of liver stiffness in three pediatric patients with veno‐occlusive disease

Zama

Bossù

Ravaioli

et al. 2019

Pediatric Transplantation

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Liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography is a non‐invasive ultrasound‐based technique used mainly for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases. Some authors have suggested that it could be useful in the assessment of hepatic complications during hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), especially veno‐occlusive disease (VOD) or sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS). Here, we present the evaluation of liver stiffness in three patients who developed severe hepatic VOD/SOS after HSCT. Liver stiffness measurement values were normal before transplant and afterward until the diagnosis of VOD/SOS when a dramatic increase was observed. After the VOD/SOS specific treatment, the values of stiffness showed a similar pattern of progressive reduction in all the three patients, with normalization after two weeks. In this report, we discuss the role of LSM in the management of patients after the diagnosis of VOD/SOS.

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Role of imaging techniques in liver veno-occlusive disease diagnosis: recent advances and literature review

Cited by 37 publications

References 87 publications

Diagnosis and Treatment of VOD/SOS After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Diagnosis and Treatment of VOD/SOS After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Imaging in Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease/Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome

Longitudinal evaluation of liver stiffness in three pediatric patients with veno‐occlusive disease

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